ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY EXAM
QUESTIONS (SOLVED)
positive-feedback mechanisms - - are you in a normal healthy individual
- are used to amplify the effect or response of a system
- sometimes can create a deviation from homeostasis that leads to death
- cause the deviation from normal to become even more pronounced
Which portion of a feedback mechanism carries out a response to change a body variable? -
effector
Homeostasis is the condition produced by - The tendency for change in a body variable to be
counteracted as soon as the body variable goes past its normal range of values
_________, located within the cytoplasm of the cell, facilitate the movement of chromosomes
during cell division. - centrioles
_______ are components of the cytoskeleton that help to provide support, assist in cell division,
and form cilia. - microtubules
movable projections from the surface of cells found in abundance and the respiratory tract are
____. - cilia
The sperm cell is able to move because of its ____. - flagellum
active transport - - requires metabolic energy (ATPs)
- may exchange one substance for another
- involves carrier molecules
phospholipid molecules - are arranged in a double layer in the cell membrane.
Major components of the extracellular matrix of connective tissue include - protein fibers, ground
substance, fluid
connective tissue cells whose names contain the suffix -cyte - maintain the matrix
The connective tissue that composes tendons and ligaments is - dense collagenous connective
tissue
You would normally expect to find ____ epithelium in the outer layer of the skin - stratified
squamous
, You would normally expect to find ____ epithelium in the urinary bladder. - transitional
Vitamin D - - is formed from a precursor molecule that is modified in the liver and kidneys
- stimulus calcium and phosphate uptake in the small intestine
- is formed from a precursor molecule that is made when skin is exposed to ultraviolet light
- Maybe required in the diet if a person is exposed to very little ultraviolet light
fingerprints and footprints are produced by dermal projections into the epidermis called ____. -
papillae
The type of glands that open on surface of skin and have a watery secretion are ____ - eccrine
sweat glands
sebaceous glands - produce an oily white substance rich in lipids
The skeletal system aids in movement by - acting as points of attachment for muscle to provide
leverage.
____ is a unique movement that occurs at the thumb as it moves toward the little finger. -
opposition
Bones is a type of - connective tissue.
joints are classified structurally according to the ____ that binds them, and functionally
according to their ____. - connective tissue, degree of motion
what is the microscopic study of tissues? - histology
The four primary tissue types are - epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
The result of _____ is the division of a cell's chromosomes into two new nuclei, each of which
has the same amount and type of DNA as the original nucleus. - mitosis
The division of the cell cytoplasm is called _____ and occurs with the production of two new
cells. - cytokinesis
Mitosis forms - two daughter cells with the same amount of DNA as the mother cell.
muscles that work together to cause movement are called - synergists
extensibility is the ability of skeletal muscle to - be stretched.
The _____ is a group of muscle fibers surrounded by perimysium. - muscle fascicle
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