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FNP (boards study review)- Questions and Answers
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FNP (boards study review)- Questions and Answers
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FNP (boards study review)- Questions and Answers2. The fovea centralis is a 2.5 mm-diameter reflective area that looks slightly darker and lies in
the center of the macular region
- The fovea is composed of closely packed cones on the eye
-located in the center of the macula
-responsible for sharp central vision
3. Patient should look directly into the light of the ophthalmoscope, if the macula is difficult
to visualize
Cones of the eye CORRECT ANS-Responsible of color
Visual Acuity
-Snellen Chart CORRECT ANS-1. Snellen eye chart: 20/20 means that "the patient can see
at 20 feet what the normal person can see at 20 feet" (the larger the denominator, the poorer
the patient's vision)
-20/40 = a person can see at 20 feet what the normal person (without impairment) can see at
40 ft
-If 20/30 = Referral stage
CN II = Snellen chart
Hyperopia CORRECT ANS-"Farsightedness" (on freeway and can't see the signs)
, FNP (boards study review)- Questions and Answers
Myopia CORRECT ANS-Nearsightedness
Presbyopia CORRECT ANS-Common after age 40; results in greater difficulty maintaining a
clear focus at a near distance die to a lessening of flexibility of the crystalline lens and
weakening of the ciliary muscles which control lens focusing
Arcus Senilis CORRECT ANS-5. Arcus senilis: cloudy appearance of the cornea with a
gray/white arc or circle around the limbus due to deposition of the lipid material; the arcus
has no effect on vision- permanent change, need to make sure they are taking their statins
Pterygium CORRECT ANS-Raised wedge-shaped growth of thin, noncancerous tissue over
the conjunctiva (conjunctiva is transparent and sits over the sclera)
Hordeolum (Stye) CORRECT ANS-(Stye-this hurts)
Acute inflammation of the eyelid, usually caused by (staph aureus)
Signs/symptoms
Abrupt onset with pain and erythema of the eyelid (tender painful mass) (chalazion =
painless)
Management
1. *Warm compressor*
, FNP (boards study review)- Questions and Answers
2. Topical bacitracin or erythromycin opthalmic ointment
3. Refer to opthamalogist if not better x 2 days
Chalazion CORRECT ANS-(No Pain)
Beady nodule on the eyelid, infection or retention cyst usually on upper eyelid
Signs/symptoms
-painless
-swelling
-tenderness to eyelid
-tearing
Management
1. Warm compresses
2. Refer for surgical removal
Blepharitis CORRECT ANS-Staphylococcus infection or seborrheic dermatitis of the eyelid
Signs/symptoms
-red, scaly, greasy flakes (classic)
-thickened, crusted lid margins
, FNP (boards study review)- Questions and Answers
-burning
-itching
-tearing
Management
1. Hot compressed
2. Topical abx (bacitracin or erythromycin)
3. Vigrously scrub & rinse lashes, may use an old toothbrush
Conjunctivitis
Bacterial
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