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OST 575 - Exam 1 Questions And Correct Answers
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OST 575 - Exam 1 Questions And CorrectAnswers
Where does the esophagus reside before piercing the diaphragm and joining the
stomach at the cardioesophageal junction? - ANSWER posterior mediastinum
What separates the thoracic and abdominal part of the esophagus? - ANSWER
diaphragm
What does the esophagus lie anterior to? posterior to? - ANSWER ANTERIOR -
prevertebral fascia
POSTERIOR - trachea
What are the 3 restriction spots of the esophagus? - ANSWER #1 = cricopharyngeus
muscle
#2 = arch of the aorta
#3 = passing through diaphragm at level T10
What is the blood supply of the cervical esophagus? - ANSWER *inferior thyroid a*
rarely direct branch from thyrocervical trunk or common carotid a.
What is the blood supply of the thoracic esophagus? - ANSWER aorta (4-5 esophageal
arteries)
What is the blood supply of the abdominal esophagus? - ANSWER left gastric artery
What are the 2 portal venous return systems of the abdomen? - ANSWER Portal venous
,system
Inferior vena cava
What is the venous drainage of the cervical esophagus? - ANSWER left brachiocephalic
vein
What is the venous drainage of the thoracic esophagus? - ANSWER Upper left:
accessory homozygous vein or left brachiocephalic vein
Lower left: Hemiazygous vein
Right side: Azygous vein
What is the venous drainage of the abdominal esophagus? - ANSWER left gastric vein
How do esophageal varies develop? - ANSWER when back flow from the portal vein
drainage system occurs (usually due to liver cirrhosis caused by alcoholism)
What are the 2 types of esophageal hiatal hernias? - ANSWER paraesophageal hiatal
hernia
sliding hiatal hernia
What is the blood supply to the stomach? - ANSWER left gastric artery
right and left gastro-mental artery
What does the left gastric vein drain into? - ANSWER azygous vein
What does the right gastric and right/left gastro-mental veins drain into? - ANSWER
hepatic portal vein
Does the esophagus pierce the diaphragm before/after joining the stomach? - ANSWER
,before
What are the 3 regions of the pharynx? - ANSWER nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
What level does the esophagus pass through the diaphragm? - ANSWER T10
What are the two veins of the esophageal supply that form anastomosis? - ANSWER
azygous vein
left gastric vein
What type of esophageal hernia causes the funds of the stomach and part of the
esophagus to slide up through the diaphragm? - ANSWER sliding hiatal hernia
What is the space between the stomach and the pancreas called? - ANSWER lesser sac
What is the ligament between the liver and stomach called? - ANSWER lesser omentum
(hepatogastric ligament)
How do the greater and lesser sac communicate? - ANSWER epiploic foramen (foramen
of winslow)
What receives nearly all the nutrients absorbed by the intestine? - ANSWER liver
What organ produces bile? - ANSWER liver
What is the innermost epithelial lining that directy touches luminal contents in the main
gut tube? - ANSWER Mucosa
, What are the parts of the mucosa layer of the stomach (main gut tube)? - ANSWER
epithelium
lamina propria
muscularis mucosa
What is the layer of the main gut tube that supports the mucosa? - ANSWER submucosa
What is the name of the smooth muscle layers of the main gut tube? - ANSWER
Muscularis externa (circular and longitudinal)
What is the outermost layer of the main gut tube that is only found in the stomach, small
intestine, and large intestine? - ANSWER serosa
What is the outermost layer of the main gut tube that is only found in the esophagus? -
ANSWER adventitia
What are the layers of the gut wall? - ANSWER MSMS (inner-->outer)
Mucosa
submucosa
Muscularis externa
Serosa (adventitia if esophagus)
What are the accessory digestive organs? - ANSWER salivary glands
liver
gall bladder
pancreas
What are the different layers of the tongue? - ANSWER Skeletal muscle fibers
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