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Test Bank for Biological Science 6th Edition by Scott Freeman Lizabeth Allison A+

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  • October 14, 2024
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Test Bank for Biological Science 6th Edition by Scott

Freeman Lizabeth Allison A+
Chapter 1 Biology and the Tree of Life



1) The pattern component of the cell theory claims that all organisms consist of cells.

A) true

B) false Answer: A

Reference: Section 1.1 Bloom's Level: Remembering

LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.



2) How does a scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis?

A) There is no difference—the terms are interchangeable.

B) A theory is an explanation for a very general phenomenon or observation; hypotheses

treat more specific observations.

C) A hypothesis is an explanation for a very general phenomenon; theories treat more

specific issues.

D) Theories define scientific laws; hypotheses are used to set up experiments. Answer: B

Reference: Section 1.1

Bloom's Level: Comprehension

LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.




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3) Algae in the genus Caulerpa typically grow to a length of over half a meter and have

structures similar to stems, leaves, and roots. Reproduction occurs when adults produce sperm

and eggs that fuse to form offspring. Each adult Caulerpa, however, consists of just a single cell.

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Caulerpa violate the pattern component of the cell theory—that all organisms consist of

cells.

B) Caulerpa violate the process component of the cell theory—that all cells come from

preexisting cells.

C) Caulerpa violate both the pattern and process components of the cell theory.

D) The existence of Caulerpa is consistent with the cell theory. Answer: D

Reference: Section 1.1

Bloom's Level: Comprehension

LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.



4) Which statement about spontaneous generation is FALSE?

A) Pasteur demonstrated that it does not occur under normal laboratory conditions.

B) It apparently occurred at least once–when life on Earth began.

C) It occurs every time a new species evolves from a preexisting species.

D) It addresses the formation of living cells from previously nonliving material.



Answer: C Reference: Section 1.1

Bloom's Level: Remembering

LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.



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5) Recall Pasteur's experiment on spontaneous generation. Originally, he used sealed and

unsealed flasks instead of swan-necked and unsealed flasks. Critics claimed that the experiment

was inconclusive. Which of the following criticisms would be addressed by using a swan-necked

flask instead of the sealed flask?

A) The broth was heated too intensively.

B) There had not been enough time for spontaneous generation to occur.

C) Fresh air is required for spontaneous generation.

D) The broth was not nutritious enough. Answer: C

Reference: Section 1.1

Bloom's Level: Comprehension/Applying

LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.



6) Which of the following is the best example of a heritable variation?

A) skin cancer

B) amputation

C) red hair

D) love for music Answer: C

Reference: Section 1.2

Bloom's Level: Comprehension

LOs: Chp1-1. Name five fundamental characteristics shared by all living organisms.



7) How does artificial selection differ from natural selection?



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A) Artificial selection occurs only in computer simulations, not with actual organisms.

B) Artificial selection is based on conscious choices by humans.

C) Artificial selection occurs only with plants.

D) Artificial selection is not based on heritable variation, but on new mutations. Answer: B

Reference: Section 1.2

Bloom's Level: Comprehension

LOs: Chp1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that

are necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a

population.



8) Over the past several decades, natural selection has caused populations of Staphylococcus

aureus (an infectious wound bacterium) to evolve resistance to most antibiotics. If antibiotic use

were stopped, what would you predict would happen to these S. aureus populations?

A) They will go extinct without the antibiotic.

B) The populations will begin colonizing new environments.

C) The frequency of nonresistant forms will increase in these populations.

D) The frequency of resistant forms will definitely increase in these populations. Answer: C

Reference: Section 1.2 Bloom's Level: Applying

LOs: Chp1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that

are necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a

population.

9) Environments all over the world are changing as a result of global warming. Could this

influence natural selection?



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