Exam (elaborations)
REX PN Examination Questions and Answers 2024
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Exam of 50 pages for the course REXPN at REXPN (REX PN Examination)
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REX PN ExaminationWhat is the normal lab value for sodium? - answer135-145 mEq/L
What is the normal lab value for potassium? - answer3.5-5.0 mEq/L
What is the normal lab value for chloride? - answer95-105 mEq/L
What is the normal lab value for magnesium? - answer1.5-2.5 mEq/L
What is the normal lab value of calcium? - answer8.5-10.5 mE/L
What is the normal lab value for phosphorus? - answer2.5-4.5 mg/dL
What is the normal lab value for rbc's? - answer4.5-5.0 million
What is the normal lab value for wbcs? - answer4.5 to 11.0 million
What is the normal lab value for PLT?
(platelet count) - answer150-400 x10^9
What is the normal hemoglobin lab value? Men & female - answerMen: 140-180
Female: 120-160
What is the normal lab value of pH? - answer7.35-7.45
What is the normal lab value for CO2? - answer35-45 mEq/ L
What is the normal lab value of HCO3? - answer24-26 mEq/ L
What is the normal lab value of PaO2? - answer80-100%
What is the normal hematocrit? (Men and Female) - answerMen: 0.42-0.54 volume
fraction
Female: 0.37-0.47 volume fraction
What is the normal lab value of MCV?
Mean Corpuscle Volume - answer76-100 fL
What is the normal lab value of BUN?
Blood Urea Nitrogen - answer2.9-8.2 mmol/L
,What is the normal lab value of creatinine? - answer0.6-1.35 mg/ dL
What is the normal value of specific gravity? - answer1.010-1.030
What are normal troponin levels? - answer<0.35 mcg/ L
What are normal CK levels? (male/ female)
Creatine Kinase - answerMale: 20-215
Female: 20-160
What is a normal lab value of D-dimer? - answer<600 uGL
What is the normal lab value of BNP
Brain Nateuritic Peptide - answer<100 mcg/ L
**if above >100 = HF
What is the normal lab value of ALT? - answer5-35
What is the normal lab value AST? - answer10-40
What is the normal lab value of ALP? - answer40-160
What is the normal lab value of Bilirubin? - answer<1.0. mg/ dL
What is the normal lab value of LDH? - answer100-190
What is the normal lab value of triglycerides? - answer40-50 mg/dL
What is the normal lab value total cholesterol? - answer130-200 mg/dL
What is the normal lab value of protein? - answer6.2-8.1 g/dL
What is the normal lab value of albumin? - answer3.4-5.0 g/dL
What is the normal lab value of PTT? - answer20-36 seconds
**if on heparin: 1.5-2.5x normal
What is the normal lab value of PT? - answer9-11s
What is the normal lab value of INR? - answer0.9-1.8
**2-3 on warfarin
What is the normal lab value of glucose? - answer4-6 mmol
What is the normal lab value HBA1C? - answerNon-diabetic: 4-5.9%
Good diabetic control: <7%
,Optimal control in the elderly: <8.5%
What is the normal lab value of random blood sugar? - answer3.1-11.1 mmol
What is intravascular fluid? - answerfluid inside the blood vessel
What is intracellular fluid? - answerfluid inside the cell
What is extracellular fluid? - answerfluid outside the cells
*includes interstitial fluid, bone, blood, connective tissue, water
What IV fluids are isotonic?
What is isotonic fluids? - answer-no osmotic force, cells neither swell nor shrink
-0.9% NS
-D5W
-Lactated ringers
What is hypotonic fluids?
What IV fluids are hypotonic? - answer-more dilute solutions, causes water to enter
cells** watch for edema
-0.45% NS
-0.33% NS
What is hypertonic fluids?
What IV fluids are hypertonic? - answer-more concentrated solution, water is removed
from the cells
-3% NS
-5% NS
-D5W with 1/2 NS
-D10W
-D5 LR
What is colloid fluids?
What IV fluids are colloid? - answer-fluid moves from the interstitial to intravascular
compartment
**given in severe hypovolemia
When should you monitor your patients for electrolyte balance? - answerPts with severe
diarrhea and vomiting
What are the ECG changes with low potassium? - answer-ST depression
-shallow/ flat/ inverted T wave, U wave
What are the ECG changes with high potassium? - answer-tall peaked T wave
-flat P wave
-wide QRS
, What are the ECG changes with low calcium? - answer-prolonged ST + QT
What IV fluid do you NEVER give by IV push? - answerPotassium
**always given in a diluted minibag
What are the ECG changes with high calcium? - answer-shortened ST
-wide T wave
What is hypocalciemia a sign of? - answerpositive trousseaus and chvosteks sign
What are the ECG changes with of low magnesium? - answer-tall T wave
-depressed ST
What are the ECG changes with high magnesium? - answer-prolonged ST
-wide QRS
What is the antidote for magnesium toxicity? - answercalcium gluconate
What does a decreased phosphorus level indicate with calcium? - answerdecreased
phosphorus levels = increase in calcium levels
What is acidosis? - answer-pH below 7.35
-RR increases to try and exhale acids
What is alkalosis? - answer-pH above 7.45
-RR decreases to try and retain CO2 in order to neutralize and decrease the strength of
excess bicarb
How would you know if there is a respiratory imbalance regarding pH? - answerif the
CO2 is opposite from the pH
-eg. if CO2 is high and pH is low etc, needs to be equal
How would you know if there is a metabolic imbalance regarding pH? - answer-HCO3
and pH will have the same relationship
-Eg. both pH and bicarb are both high or both low
What does it mean for the acid base balance to be compensated? - answerpH will be
within the normal range
-body has corrected the problem
What does it mean for the acid base balance to be partially compensated? - answer-pH
is not normal, and either the respiratory system or metabolic system will try to
compensate
What is respiratory acidosis? - answer-low pH + high CO2
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