AAMC Sample Test Bio/Biochem Questions And Answers Latest Updates
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Course
AAMC Bio/Biochem
Institution
AAMC Bio/Biochem
Based on the mode of action described for BFA in the passage, the drug would be most
effective against:
A.eukarya.
B.viruses.
C.bacteria.
D.archaea. - ️️A.
BFA disrupts the Golgi apparatus, and of the choices, only eukaryotes have a Golgi
apparatus
Hydrolysis of the γ phosphate of GTP ...
,phosphatases are a class of hydrolase responsible for the cleavage of phosphate bonds
utilizing water to remove a molecule of inorganic phosphate.
Proteins that are encapsulated in Arf1-COP derived vesicles are bound for the:
A.endoplasmic reticulum.
B.cellular membrane.
C.nucleus.
D.cytosol. - ✔️✔️A. ER
Arf1-COP undergoes retrograde transport. Protein translation principally occurs in the
endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The proteins are then transported to the Golgi apparatus
for post translational modification, processing, and packaging for proper localization.
Retrograde transport would reverse the motion and return the protein to the ER.
protein translaiton - ER
protein post-translation - golgi
Which of the following experiments would provide the best supporting evidence that
neutrophils are the cause of the reperfusion injury?
A.Performing the ischemia/reperfusion experiment using animals whose B (antibody-
producing) cells are depleted and examining whether the degree of tissue damage is
reduced
B.Performing the ischemia/reperfusion experiment using neutrophil-depleted animals
and examining whether the degree of tissue damage is reduced
C.Repeating the experiment with another antibody directed against the entire alpha/beta
heterodimer, and examining whether the degree of tissue damage is reduced
D.Repeating the experiment with another antibody directed against the beta subunit,
and examining whether the degree of tissue damage is reduced - ✔️✔️B.
+ - what you are looking at
because the variable being tested in this experiment is limited to the presence and
absence of neutrophils
Information in the passage suggests most strongly that the function of the beta subunit
involves:
A.adhering neutrophils to the endothelium.
B.transferring proteases from endothelium to neutrophils.
C.hydrogen bonding with the alpha subunit.
D.the generation of antibody against the subunit. - ✔️✔️Mistake!
, A because, according to the passage, the damaging effects of neutrophils occurs after
their adhesion to vascular endothelium. The inactivation of the beta subunit by antibody
B results in a great reduction in tissue injury, strongly suggesting that subunit B is
involved in the adherence of neutrophils to the endothelium.
The scientist claimed that antibody B offers a better means for preventing organ injury
than agents such as free radical or protease inhibitors. Which of the following reasons
offers the best support for this claim?
A.Antibody B is a high-affinity antibody; therefore, it will not be rejected by the patient.
B.Antibody B can block the initiation of events that result in the release of harmful,
biologically active molecules.
C.Antibody B is a very specific antibody; therefore, it will not recognize anything other
than the beta subunit.
D.Antibody B exhibits a high half-life and can be used at any dosage at any time. -
✔️✔️B
B because the results of the experiment presented in the passage show that the
presence of antibody B, which is directed at subunit B, significantly reduces tissue
injury. The results also suggest that the function of subunit B is to adhere the neutrophil
to vascular endothelium, which occurs before the release of toxic molecules by the
neutrophil. Thus, the use of antibody B would be a proactive treatment that prevents
neutrophil adherence and the subsequent release of free radicals and proteases, rather
than a reactive treatment, such as free radical and protease inhibitors. This supports the
claim that antibody B is a better treatment
The scientist wanted to use antibody B clinically (to treat humans), but this proposal was
rejected. Which of the following is the most logical reason for the rejection?
A.Because the antibody was generated in the mouse, it can never be used in humans.
B.Because the antibody was generated in the mouse, repeated usage in the same
patient would elicit the production of human anti-mouse antibodies.
C.Because the antibody was generated in the mouse, it will not recognize human
antigens.
D.Because the antibody was generated in the mouse, it can only be used in vitro. -
✔️✔️B.
human anti mouse reaction
B because the human immune system will recognize the mouse antibody as a foreign
substance (antigen) and generate an immune response towards it, which may include a
mild to severe allergic response. The immune response will generate antibodies against
the mouse antibody, limiting its usefulness as a treatment.
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