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Exam 3: Biology 1010 – SLCC Questions With Complete Solutions

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Exam 3: Biology 1010 – SLCC Questions With Complete Solutions What is a homologues? members of a pair of chromosomes What is a homologous chromosome? one of two paired chromosomes, one from each parent, that carries genes for a specific trait at the same location What is the cell cycle? an...

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  • October 13, 2024
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Exam 3: Biology 1010 – SLCC Questions
With Complete Solutions

What is a homologues? members of a pair of chromosomes




What is a homologous chromosome? one of two paired chromosomes, one from each

parent, that carries genes for a specific trait at the same location




What is the cell cycle? an orderly set of stages that take place between the time a

eukaryotic cell divides and the time the resulting daughter cells also divide (mitosis)




What happens before the next division? (mitosis) the cell grows larger, number of

organelles double, DNA is replicated




What are the two major stages of the cell cycle? (mitosis) Interphase (includes several

stages) - cell growing

Mitotic stage (includes mitosis and cytokinesis) - division of the nucleus




Most of the cell cycle is spent in what stage? (mitosis) Interphase (growing stage), but

varies by cell type

, Exam 3: Biology 1010 – SLCC Questions
With Complete Solutions
ex. skill cells will stay in this phase a lot, nerve cells will not




How long does interphase last for adult mammalian cells? (mitosis) about 20 hours, which

is 90% of the cell cycle




What are the three stages of interphase? (mitosis) G1, S, G2




What happens during G1 stage? (mitosis) the cell grows and synthesizes many enzymes

and nutrients for later during DNA replication




What is each double helix called? chromatid




What are two identical chromatids called? sister chromatids




How many chromosomes enter S phase? (mitosis) 1 chromatid each




How many chromosomes leave S phase? (mitosis) 2 identical chromatids (sister

chromatids) each

, Exam 3: Biology 1010 – SLCC Questions
With Complete Solutions

What happens during G2 stage? (mitosis) cell synthesizes proteins (happens between

DNA replication and onset of mitosis)




What stage does the cell going into after interphase? (mitosis) M stage




What stages go under the M stage? (mitosis) mitosis (nuclear division) and cytokinesis

(division of the cytoplasm)




During mitosis, daughter chromosomes are distributed by what? mitotic spindle




How many checkpoints are there in the cell cycle? three




What are cyclins? signaling proteins used at checkpoints that increase and decrease as the

cell cycle continues




Where are the checkpoints in the cell cycle? (mitosis) G1 stage, G2 stage, and M stage

, Exam 3: Biology 1010 – SLCC Questions
With Complete Solutions
What is a signal? a molecule that influences the activities of a cell




What is the primary checkpoint of the cell cycle? (mitosis) G1 checkpoint




What is the signaling protein in mammalian cells? p53 (stops the cycle at the G1

checkpoint when DNA is damaged)




What is apoptosis? programmed cell death




What protein is responsible for interpreting growth signals and also nutrient availability signals?

(mitosis) RB (retinoblastoma)




What cancer occurs when the RB gene undergoes a mutation? cancer of the retina




What does the checkpoint at the M stage check for? (mitosis) Make sure the chromosomes

line up together before splitting into two during metaphase

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