pure Alexia is a result of damage to _____________________ which is a
disconnect between primary visual cortex and visual word form area - ANSWERS-
left inferior longitudinal fasciculus .
what does damage to visual word from area cause ? - ANSWERS-- loss of word
specific orthographic knowledge
- reliance on phonological processes
- you will see a regularity effect ( ability to spell regularly spelled words and non
words than irregularly spelled words) and possible letter by letter reading
Pure Alexia treatment - ANSWERS-goal is to increase reading rate accuracy by
improving whole word recognition and reducing the letter by letter approach
Use syntactic and semantic constraints to facilitate word recognition
allographic agraphia : ( peripheral impairment)
what is it ?
How is it assessed ?
Damage to ?
Treatment ? - ANSWERS-impairment in converting graphemes to letter shapes
,assessed by : asking the patient to write the lowercase form of a letter when
given upper case form and vise versa.
Damage to the left temporoparieto- occipital area
left inferior frontal cortex
Treatment : lexical spelling treatment - repeated copying of letters from a model
compensatory technique- using alphabet cards
Apraxia Agraphia ( Peripheral impairment)
what is it. ?
Treatment ?
Damage to ? - ANSWERS-motor programming of handwriting is impaired not due
to muscle weakness or incoordination.
Treatment: practice copying written words . some severe cases may be resistant
to treatment
apraxia agraphia happens as a result to damage of the posterior- superior parietal
cortex, dorsolateral premotor cortex ( area for hand movements)
pragmatic competence - ANSWERS-the ability to use language in interpersonal
relationships, taking into account such complexities as social distance between
speakers and an indirectness required in a given situation
,List some pragmatic behaviors - ANSWERS-turn taking
eye contact
topic initiation/ topic maintenance
responding appropriately
asks questions
gives information
appropriate use of gestures and body language
sarcasm/ humor
self correction/ self monitoring
list some informal and formal assessment options for pragmatic competence . -
ANSWERS-Informal assessment
• Narrative analysis
• Interviews
• Behavioral observation
Formal/structured assessment
• Rating scales
• Checklists
• Standardized assessments
, Three approaches to assessment evolving from pragmatic theory - ANSWERS-
rating scales
focus on assessing inferential aspects of language
standardized pragmatic language assessments
TRUE or FALSE
The ability to make inferences is NOT an important element of pragmatic
competence - ANSWERS-FALSE : inferencing is important.
- proposed by McDonald
Standardized assessments of pragmatic language competence - ANSWERS-- The
communicative Abilities of Daily Living -2
- The Functional Assessment of Communication Skills for Adults ( ASHA-FACS)
- The Awareness of Social Inference Test
Treatment for Pragmatics - ANSWERS-The main goal is to improve functional
communication.
PACE used to promote turn taking , providing information, asking questions etc by
patients .
some prefer the conversational interaction/ social approach so that therapy is
more naturalistic.
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