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ENA2 – Questions & Accurate Answers (Well Detailed)
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ENA2 – Questions & Accurate Answers (Well Detailed)
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ENA2 – Questions & Accurate Answers (Well Detailed)Examination is for what? Right Ans - data collection
Handedness pattern posture Right Ans - R hand dominant with Weak R
Glute med and tight R quadratus Lumborum, shifts CoG to Right with a R hip
adduction
Cycle of ABnormal posture Right Ans - muscle imbalance
postural deviation
movement dysfunction
pain/fatigue
Muscle imbalance exists when... Right Ans - a muscle is weak and its
antagonist is strong
Postural muscles Right Ans - slow twitch
tend to be tight/short and strong
ex: upper trap, pec mjr/mnr, iliopsoas, erector spinae, hamstring,
gastroc/soleus
Phasic muscles Right Ans - fast twitch
tend to be weak and long
ex: mid/lower trap, anterior cervical mm., glut med, abs
What does goniometry fail to tell us? Right Ans - the reason for lack of ROM
it doesn't assess arthrokinematic motion
What body segment should the stationary arm be aligned with? Right Ans -
the proximal segment
Reliability Right Ans - consistency of measurement
Validity Right Ans - The ability of a test to measure what it is intended to
measure
Increase in reliability increases validity
, What range are you able to measure within two-joint muscle length
measurements? Right Ans - ~80% of the total joint range
This is due to the muscle being able to only be fully lengthened at one joint
when it is fully shortened at the other.
Active insufficiency Right Ans - agonist muscle cant produce greatest
tension due to being SHORTENED over both joints
Passive insufficiency Right Ans - antagonist muscle cant produce max
tension due to being LENGTHENED over both joints
Muscle length of Hamstrings Right Ans - 90/90: within ~20 degrees of full
extension expected
SLR: within around 80 degrees of hip flexion
Minimum muscle grade against gravity Right Ans - 3/5
Maximum gravity minimized muscle grade Right Ans - 2+/5
Viscosity Right Ans - resistance to flow
Elasticity Right Ans - The ability of tissue to return to resting length after
being passively stretched
Muscle spindle Right Ans - detects change in length
GTO Right Ans - detects change in tension
Functional ROM of knee/ankle for walking Right Ans - Knee: 0-65 degrees
DF: 10 degrees
PF: 30 degrees
GrTExt: 50 degrees
Selective Tissue Tension Testing (STTT) Right Ans - identifies the level of
the lesion
Determines a differential diagnosis of a NM condition
Principles of STTT Right Ans - reproduce the symptom
need pt. cooperation, "Does this change your symptom?"
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