A barrel of oil is priced at $6, to switch to natural gas, what would natural gas need to be priced at? correct answers The price of natural gas must be more than $36.
Is nuclear power a non-renewable, renewable, fossil fuel, or alternative? correct answers An alternative
What is photovoltaic...
ENCO 3301 Quizzes || with Error-free Solutions.
A barrel of oil is priced at $6, to switch to natural gas, what would natural gas need to be priced
at? correct answers The price of natural gas must be more than $36.
Is nuclear power a non-renewable, renewable, fossil fuel, or alternative? correct answers An
alternative
What is photovoltaic? correct answers Solar energy
What is the different between ROI and EROEI? correct answers ROI is return on investments
and is monetary while EROEI is energy return on energy investments and relates to energy. Both
are used to determine the worthwhileness of an investment.
Why is September 12th a holiday for Russians? correct answers They had a birth-rate crisis so
this day is a holiday so that they can procreate.
Peak oil? correct answers Maximum point of production and then terminally declines.
Peak car? correct answers Maximum point of car production. The switch to using more services
like uber. Urbanization is increasing so not a lot of people own a private car.
OPEC- correct answers Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait,
Venezuela, Saudi Arabia). Objective is to unify petroleum prices among member countries in
order to secure fair and stable prices for producers. It's like a cartel.
Kuznet's Curve correct answers Richer is Greener. As a country grows, environmental problems
will get worse and then will get better once they reach a certain income. Results in a upside
down curve shaped like a U.
Local and global environmental issues- correct answers Observations based on data from an
individual nation may be highly misleading and inappropriate when applied globally.
Would you rather have more porosity or permeability? correct answers More porosity because if
there is porosity there is oil. Permeability can be man-made.
Resource? correct answers What is in the ground.
Reserve? correct answers What is economical to produce/extract from the ground.
Refining? correct answers Is a manufacturing project. Crude oil has no value unless you can do
something with it. Not all crude oil is created equal, and not all refineries are created equal.
What's in a barrel of crude oil? correct answers 45% gasoline, 30% diesel, 10% jet fuel
, Flavors of crude oil- correct answers WTI (West Texas Intermediate), Mars (Gulf Coast), Brent
(North Sea), Arab Light (Saudi Arabia). These are benchmarks, which is a reference point to
price other commodities.
How can you transport oil? correct answers Railroads, pipelines, and sea.
Turning crude oil to gasoline- correct answers Separation, Conversion, and Purification.
Captures hydrogen and rejects carbon.
Light v. heavy correct answers Light products have more value and will be priced higher than
Heavy oil.
WTI light correct answers Has an API gravity about 45. Mary 17 is priced lower than WTI
Distillation unit- correct answers Tall tall tall steel tower at a refinery. Applies heat to crude oil
to separate naturally occurring components. Bottom product from each tower feeds the next.
Separation correct answers Reformer- Cracking units - Coker- alkylation unit. Heated in
distillation unit to separate components.
Conversion correct answers Hydroformers- change structure. Fluidized catalytic crackers (FCC)-
converts low valued heavy oils into higher value gasoline. Distillates and feed stocks. Coker
units convert asphalts into diesel and feedstocks.
Purification correct answers Sulfur removal from products. Hyrdotreating- unfinished products
are contacted with hydrogen under high pressure and heat to remove sulphur. End products meet
and exceed environmental standards.
What affects the value of individual crude oils? correct answers Quality, location, transportation
costs, and refinery characteristics.
Pipelines- correct answers Are safe, reliable, and cost effective. Approximately 180,000 miles of
crude and product in pipelines in the U.S.
Avg. cost transporting gasoline 1,000 miles via pipeline is- correct answers Between 1.5 and 2.5
cents/gal
Interface v. Transmix correct answers In between batches they put a disc to prevent cross
contamination of Gasoline, Diesel, and Premium/ Regular Gasoline. The higher interface will be
blended into the lower interface.
Typical sequence of petroleum products that flow through a pipeline? correct answers Regular
Gasoline, Diesel, Regular Gasoline, Premium Gasoline, Regular Gasoline, Diesel
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