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Geography Unit 4, Depth Study 2. New York Questions and Answers 2024
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Geography Unit 4, Depth Study 2. New York
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Geography Unit 4, Depth Study 2. NewYork
Site: - answer- Urban agglomeration that extends outwards from New York City spreads
into the adjoining states of New Jersey, Connecticut and Pennsylvania
- New York Combined Statistical Area covers approximately 37,600 square kilometers,
extends 375 kilometers north to south and approximately 400 kilometers east to west.
- Due to size the site is geographically diverse
- South of the Atlantic Ocean
- Easter River and Hudson River
- Built on three islands of Manhattan, Staten Island and Long Island
Situation: - answer- 40 43'N 74 00'W in Northeastern United States, approximately
halfway between Boston and Washington
- 350km South West of Boston
- 360km North West of Washington DC
- Long Island Expressway is the major east-west route to New York City
- John F Kennedy Airport (20 kilometres southeast of Lower Manhattan)
Demographics: Population Growth Patterns - answer- Expansion forms an unbroken
belt 650 km long on the Atlantic coast
- BosNYWash - merging conurbation = Northeast Megalopolis
- Population over 20 million
- 2010 Census = pop growth in suburbs 48% in 1980's to 70% 2000's - outer areas
growing quicker, centre not so much (30%)
- Dispersion of pop over large area - Staten Island growing very big
- Densely populated 31 people per kmsq
Demographics: Age and Gender - answer- 0-14 = 18%
- 15-64 = 70%
- 65+ = 12%
- School age population expected to decline in the Bronx, Brooklyn and Staten Island
- Ageing population - rise of 40% in 2040
- Gender ratio = 91.3, females living longer
Demographics: Cultural Characteristics - answerCultural diversity is high in New York
- 17th century immigration major part of NY history
- 1860 large influx of Germans and Irish
- 'White flight' and Hart-Cellar Immigration of 1965 promoted Asia, Africa, Caribbean,
Latin America and Middle East to NY
- 3 million today are foreign born
- Ethnic enclaves Chinatown and Little Italy
, Demographics: Socioeconomic Characteristics - answer- Lower-income areas tend to
be characterized with older buildings and neighborhoods with small units - middle-
income groups = immigrants.
- 28% of all immigrants live in lower income areas
- Latin America = low - 44%
- Bronx, Queens and Brooklyn have lower income areas
- New York city = highest income as well as lowest
- Manhattan Upper East Side = largest concentration
- 18% of families in NY have incomes below poverty line
- 1 in 5 is in poverty
NYC External Morphology: - answerThe study of form or shape, best studied by aerial
photograph or map.
¬ Metropolitan area is multi-cellular, extends over five boroughs covering 90km2
¬ Site factors: Hudson and East River and 3 major islands dissect he city
¬ Rivers were major benefits for early settlers - settled on the coast for ports.
¬ Brooklyn Bridge (1968) instrumental in developing the boroughs and beyond
o Creation of the multi-cellular form
¬ Atlantic coastline restricts the city's external development, as do the surrounding
mountains.
Internal Morphology - answerDevelopment of transport networks influenced internal
layout of its functional zones.
CBD:
¬ Multi-Nuclei Midtown and Financial District
¬ Site of original settlers due to port access
¬ Aggregation of finance and commerce, centred upon New York Stock Exchange
¬ Retail and entertainment
Congestion: - answerThe nature, scope and causes of each of the two selected
challenges being addressed, and the implications for the selected megacity
• Traffic congestion is when the movement of vehicles along road networks begins to
slow, increasing trip times and vehicular queuing.
• Each weekday 3.6million trips in Manhattan's CBD 1/3 in private vehicle
• Traffic moves less than 20km/h in peak hours
• Underinvestment in the past 50 years is having an impact and further increases in
population will place considerable strain on existing infrastructure.
Major locations of congestion - answer• Manhattan especially as a result of CBD
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