,1. Which of the following factors can most significantly
affect drug absorption in geriatric patients?
- A) Increased gastric emptying time
- B) Increased hepatic blood flow
- C) Decreased body fat percentage
- D) Increased renal clearance
- Answer: A) Increased gastric emptying time
- Rationale: Geriatric patients often experience
delayed gastric emptying, which can affect the absorption
rate of orally administered medications.
2. A patient is prescribed warfarin. Which dietary
consideration should the nurse emphasize?
- A) Increase intake of potassium-rich foods
- B) Maintain consistent intake of high-vitamin K foods
- C) Avoid all dairy products
- D) Reduce intake of vitamin C-rich foods
- Answer: B) Maintain consistent intake of high-vitamin
K foods
- Rationale: Vitamin K can affect the efficacy of
warfarin, and sudden changes in vitamin K intake can lead
to unstable anticoagulation.
, - Answer: C) Tyramine-rich foods
- Rationale: Tyramine-rich foods can lead to a
hypertensive crisis when ingested with MAOIs due to
excessive catecholamine release.
### Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
4. The process by which a drug is chemically altered in the
body is known as __________.
- Answer: Metabolism
- Rationale: Drug metabolism typically occurs in the
liver and involves biochemical modification to facilitate
excretion.
5. The therapeutic index of a drug is the ratio between the
__________ and the __________ dosages.
- Answer: Toxic; therapeutic (or effective)
- Rationale: The therapeutic index indicates the safety
margin of a drug, with a wider margin being safer.
### True/False Questions
6. True or False: Drug distribution is primarily influenced
by protein binding.
- Answer: True
- Rationale: Drugs often bind to proteins in the blood,
affecting their distribution and availability in the circulatory
system.
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