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ONCOLOGY EXAM MED SURG 2 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS.
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ONCOLOGY EXAM MED SURG 2 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS.
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ONCOLOGY EXAM MED SURG 2QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Definition of Oncology - Answer Cancer involves any organ system and various
treatments have potential for multi-system effects
epidemiology of cancer - Answer -Affects people of all ages, but mostly in people over
55 years of age
-Higher in industrialized sectors and nations e.g. landscapers
Proliferative patterns of cancer - Answer noncancerous cells are benign, classified and
named by tissue or origin, differ in many cellular growth characteristics
Etiology: physical agents - Answer include exposure to sunlight or radiation, chronic
irritation, inflammation, radon, and tobacco use
Etiology: genetics and familial factors - Answer almost every type has been shown to
run in families
Etiology: lifestyle factors - Answer linked to environmental cancers:
-fats
-alcohol
-salt cured/smoked meats
-nitrate/nitrite containing foods
-red and processed meats
Etiology: hormonal agents - Answer pregnancy decreases risk of certain cancers
role of the immune system in relation to cancer - Answer -the immune system can
destroy malignant cells
-age related changes: declining organ function, chronic diseases, and diminished
immune system= increased incidence of cancer
Extravasation - Answer Vesicants are NEVER administered in peripheral veins involving
the hand or wrist, permitted for a short time only in the forearm- less than 1h; IV push or
bolus
Highest risk factors for developing cancer - Answer -age, over 65
-alcohol, 6-7 drinks daily
-landscaper
-higer incidence in men than in women
, Best response to provide a patient that believes radiation is not working and is feeling
weak - Answer explain it is from the treatment itself, it doesn't mean its not working or
progressing
Causes for concern for a charge nurse on an oncology unit - Answer -10 year old
entering a room: do not allow them in
-only ages 16 and up
-e.g. visiting from 1p-2p, visitors should only be in room for 30m
-pregnant women not allowed in room
best response for a family member that is concerned that the patient is forgetful -
Answer explain that patients with cancer experience memory loss: it's normal
nursing interventions: brachytherapy - Answer -limit time in room, no more than 15m
-wear lead shield
nutritional intake for pt with acute leukemia - Answer -pain med before meals, helps if
they have stomatitis
-oral care before meals
-I&O measurement
what orders should the nurse anticipate with tumor lysis syndrome (leak) - Answer -
electrolyte imbalance so fluids
-increase fluid intake before and after therapy
findings expected with acute leukemia - Answer -fatigue
-weakness
-N&V
-hypocalcemia
-hyperuremia
-hyperphosphatemia
-hyperkalemia
nursing interventions for a patient that is wheezing and has low BP - Answer -stop
infusion and notify provider ( they are having a reaction)
after reviewing labs of a patient that is receiving chemo, you notice low platelet count,
what should you include in the plan of care - Answer -no fresh fruit or vegetables
-avoid flowers
patient with lung cancer does not want chemo, what is the best response for the nurse
to the patient - Answer - you have the right to refuse treatment
-nurse can also have the doctor come back and speak to the patient
clinical manifestations of oncology emergency specifically SVC - Answer -coughing*
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