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2024 MED SURG ONCOLOGY NURSING MANAGEMENT IN CANCER CARE EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 MED SURG ONCOLOGY NURSING MANAGEMENT IN CANCER CARE EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 MED SURG ONCOLOGYNURSING MANAGEMENT IN
CANCER CARE EXAM WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Breast Cancer - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Over a lifetime, risk is about 12%, or 1
in 8 women.
2. Risk increases with age: 2/3 are found in women 55+
3. 5-10% breast CA is thought to be hereditary
Multiple first degree relatives with early onset breast CA,
breast and ovarian CA in same family, male breast CA,
Ashkenazi Jewish background, BRCA1 and BRCA2
BRCA positive women have a 56-84% chance of CA
Male BRCA2 mutation carries have a 6-7% chance of CA
4. 80%+ cases have no known family hx of disease
Breast CA Prevention Strategies in High Risk Patient - CORRECT-ANSWERS1.
Long term surveillance with breast exams 2x/year
2. Chemoprevention / Prophylactic drugs with tamoxifen and raloxifene
(Evista)
3. Prophyactic Mastectomy can reduce chance by 90%
4. Consultation with a genetic counselor, plastic surgeon and psychiatrist can
be invaluable
Breast cancer prophylactic drugs - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Tamoxifen
2. Raloxifene (Evista)
Clinical s/sx of Breast CA - CORRECT-ANSWERS-Most are found in upper,
outer quadrant of breast (tail of sphinx)
-Generally, lesions are non-tender, fixed and hard with irregular borders
, -Advanced signs and symptoms:
1. dimpling
2. nipple retraction or
3. skin ulceration
-Generally, the smaller the tumor the better prognosis
-5 year survival rate for stage I breast CA is 88% and for stage 4 is 15%
-Distant metatasis commonly occur in bone, lung, liver, adrenals, skin and
brain
Recent changes in CA law re: mammograms - CORRECT-ANSWERS1.
Recently, CA law requires that women whose mammograms show dense
breast tissue receive that information in writing.
2. "Your mammograms shows that your breast tissue is dense. Dense breast
tissue is common and is not abnormal. However, dense breast tissue can
make it harder to evaluate the results of your mammogram and may also be
associated with an increased risk of breast cancer."
3. From Kaiser org....."this information and the results of your mammogram
is given to you to raise your awareness and to inform your conversations
with your doctor."
PostOp - Breast cancer surgery - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Most pts are
discharged 1-2 days after axillary lymph node dissection with surgical drains
in place. Some are same day surgery. Drains are usually removed 7-10 days
post-op
2. Most can shower on second post-op day, but if reconstructive surgery was
done, showering is postponed until drain is removed.
3. Arm exercises 3X/day to restore ROM
4. Heavy lifting >5-10 lb is avoided for 4-6 weeks
5. Chemotherapy is most commonly initiated after breast surgery and before
radiation. It is recommended for those with positive lymph nodes or invasive
tumors greater than 1 cm in size regardless of node status
Colorectal cancer - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Cancers of the colon and rectum is
now the THIRD most common CA in USA and third leading cause of cancer
death in both men and women
2. Lifetime risk of CA is 1 in 20
3. Risk increases with age and with a family hx of colon CA and those with
IBD or polyps
4. If detected early, survival rate is 90%; however most are detected late and
their survival rate is low
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