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2024 NURSING MED SURG ONCOLOGY EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 NURSING MED SURG ONCOLOGY EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 NURSING MED SURGONCOLOGY EXAM WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Cancer - CORRECT-ANSWERSuncontrolled growth of abnormal cells; Second
leading cause of death in the U.S.
Hormone Therapy - CORRECT-ANSWERSSome cancer cells need estrogen,
progesterone, or testosterone to grow; The goal of hormone therapy is to
deprive cancer cells of these hormones.
oophorectomy - CORRECT-ANSWERSSurgical removal of an ovary; Another
method of depriving cancer cells of hormonal stimulation.
orchiectomy - CORRECT-ANSWERSSurgical Removal of one or both testicles;
Another method of depriving cancer cells of hormonal stimulation
C.C.S. - CORRECT-ANSWERSCell- Cycle Specifice; kills cancer cells at a
certain phase of reproduction.
C.C.N.S. - CORRECT-ANSWERSCell- Cycle Non- Specific; Kills cancer cells at
any phase of cell cycle.
Cytotoxic - CORRECT-ANSWERStoxic to cells; destroy normal and abnormal
cells; works better on rapidly reproducing cells; Cancer cell multiply more
rapid in begining of disease so this drug works best in early stages.
Cells that reproduce rapidly - CORRECT-ANSWERSbone marrow,
gastrointestinal lining, hair folicles, ova, and sperm.
Extravasation - CORRECT-ANSWERSLeakage of fluid from vein into the
surrounding tissue during infusion. S/S: Pain, swelling, redness 6-12 hours
later, presence of vesicles, diffuse hardening, absent or sluggish blood
return. burning at the site or along the vein.
Vesicants - CORRECT-ANSWERSAgents that are so irritating that they cause
irritating and necrosis; given through chemo port
, fluorouracil; Adrucil 5-FU - CORRECT-ANSWERSAnti-neoplastic: pyrimidine
anti-metabolite;cell cycle specific, causes "thymine-less" cell death; used
mainly for solid or superficial tumors.
methotrexate; Mexate; Folex - CORRECT-ANSWERSAnti-neoplastic,
immunosuppressant; cell cycle−specific drug that inhibits dihydrofolate
reductase. Major dose reduction required in renal impairment. Tox:
gastrointestinal distress, myelosuppression. Leucovorin rescue used to
reduce toxicity after very high doses
dactinomycin; Cosmegan - CORRECT-ANSWERSAnti-neoplastic Agent, inhibits
DNA dependent RNA polymerase for Wilms' tumor;chemotherapeutic agent.
It can cause bone marrow suppression. Plicamycin (testicular cancer and
paget's) and mitomycin (hypoxic tumor cells) are also used. Vesicant drug
vincristine sulfate - CORRECT-ANSWERSvinca alkaloid. Distrupt mitotic
spindle, cell cycle specfic- M phase. Local irritant, BM depression,
neurological toxicity. Acute leukemia, Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's
lymphoma, breast carcinoma, bladder. Vesicant drug
cyclophosphamide; Cytoxan - CORRECT-ANSWERSCyclophosphamide's major
active metabolite is phosphoramide mustard, which cross- links DNA and
prevents cell replication. It suppresses T cell and B cells function.
prednisone; Deltasone - CORRECT-ANSWERSMOA glucocorticoid, decreases
inflammation by suppression of migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes
and reversal of increased capillary permeability; suppresses the immune
system by reducing activity and volume of the lymphatic system; suppresses
adrenal function at high dose.
myelosuppression - CORRECT-ANSWERSBone marrow depression or
formation of blood cells; leukopenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia. Adverse
effects of anti-neoplastic agents.
Bone Marrow Transplant; BMT - CORRECT-ANSWERSGoal to replace
malignant cells with normal cells; can be done autologous, syngeineic,
allogenic.
autologous - CORRECT-ANSWERSuses client's own marrow.
syngeneic - CORRECT-ANSWERSMarrow from an identical twin.
allogeneic - CORRECT-ANSWERSmarrow from a compatibly matched donor;
preferably a sibling.
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