100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
ISBAR GI bleed Final $17.99   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

ISBAR GI bleed Final

 0 view  0 purchase
  • Course
  • Institution
  • Book

ISBAR GI bleed Final

Preview 2 out of 9  pages

  • October 12, 2024
  • 9
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
avatar-seller
ISBAR GI bleed Final,Patient
What is the technical location of upper GI bleeding? - ANSWER: -ABOVE THE
LIGAMENT OF TREITZ

What is the mortality of upper GI bleeding? What is the prognosis? - ANSWER: -10%
mortality
-80% of cases are SELF-LIMITING, but the rest need urgent endoscopic evaluation

What is the presentation of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding? - ANSWER: -
HEMATEMESIS
-COFFEE GROUND EMESIS
-MELENA
-HEMATOCHEZIA
-HYPOTENSION

What does hematemesis indicate? - ANSWER: -a sign of upper GI bleeding
-bright red blood in vomitus

What does coffee ground emesis indicate? - ANSWER: -a sign of acute upper GI
bleeding
-results from bleeding that has SLOWED OR STOPPED
-gastric acid then converts the RED HEMOGLOBIN to BROWN HEMATIN
-ex: d/t gastritis (esp erosive), mallory weiss tear, esophageal cancer or lesion - can
bleed temporarily and cause intermittent coffee ground emesis

What does melena indicate? - ANSWER: -a sign of acute upper GI bleeding
-DARK TARRY STOOLS
-requires > 50-100 mL of blood loss

What does hematochezia indicate? - ANSWER: -can be a sign of acute upper GI
bleeding, but USUALLY INDICATES LOWER GI BLEEDING
-if this presents in a pt with upper GI bleeding, the pt will appear SICK
-results in a RAPID TRANSIT OF BLOOD THROUGH THE BOWELS when associated with
upper GI bleeding
-like arterial bleed (duodenal ulcer that has hit an artery, etc)

What does hypotension in upper GI bleeding indicate? - ANSWER: -severe bleeding

What are the causes of upper GI bleeding? - ANSWER: -PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE
-PORTAL HYPERTENSION (esophageal varices)
-MALLORY-WEISS TEAR
-VASCULAR ANOMALIES
-EROSIVE GASTRITIS
-GASTRIC NEOPLASM

, -EROSIVE ESOPHAGITIS
-OTHERS (Aortoenteric fistula, Dieulafoy's lesion)

What is the most common cause of upper GI bleeding? - ANSWER: -PEPTIC ULCER
DISEASE
-accounts for 50% of major upper GI bleeding

How does portal hypertension cause upper GI bleeding? - ANSWER: -2nd most
common cause of upper GI bleeding after PUD
-d/t ESOPHAGEAL VARICES (rarely gastric and duodenal varices) or PORTAL HTN
GASTROPHATHY
-less than 1/3 of pts with portal HTN and varices will develop acute bleeding
-the cases that develop hemorrhages have a 15-40% hospital mortality rate
-mortality rate over the next 1-4 yrs = 60-80%

How does Mallory-Weiss Tears cause upper GI bleeding? - ANSWER: -5-10% of major
upper GI bleeding
-d/t laceration at ESOPHAGEAL JUNCTION w/ stomach d/t history of heavy alcohol
consumption and retching (dry heaving)

How do vascular anomalies cause upper GI bleeding? - ANSWER: -account for 7% of
upper GI bleeding
1) VASCULAR ECTASIAS
2) HEREDITARY HEMORRHAGIC TELANGIECTASIAS

How does erosive gastritis cause upper GI bleeding? - ANSWER: -accounts for <5% of
upper GI bleeding
-COMMONLY RESULTS IN CHRONIC BLOOD LOSS
-due to NSAIDs (ibuprofen, aspirin, etc.), alcohol, or severe medical/surgical illness

What % of upper GI bleeding is d/t gastric neoplasms? - ANSWER: -1% of upper GI
bleeding

How does erosive esophagitis cause upper GI bleeding? - ANSWER: -due to GERD and
often taking medications (like in elderly, nursing home pts)
-a RARE cause of significant upper GI bleeding

What are some other causes of upper GI bleeding? - ANSWER: - AORTOENTERIC
FISTULA
-DIEULAFOY'S LESION (aberrant gastric submucosal artery) - this is an artery in the
stomach that should be deep but for some reason is more superficial, causing it to
intermittently bleed

In general, what are esophageal varices caused by? - ANSWER: -d/t PORTAL
HYPERTENSION
-causes dilated SUBMUCOSAL VEINS
-the most common cause of portal HTN is cirrhosis

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller morrismuriithi009. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $17.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

62555 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling

Recently viewed by you


$17.99
  • (0)
  Add to cart