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Adult Health Exam Questions And 100% Correct Answers A+ Graded
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Adult Health Exam Questions And 100%Correct Answers A+ Graded
A patient needing a stool specimen to be tested for occult blood is told by the nurse to
exclude which of the following products two hours before testing?
You answered this question Incorrectly
chloroform 1. Liver
2. Tomato
3. Ibuprofen
4. Sardines
5. Ascorbic acid - ANS Before reviewing the options read the question. One should
identify the key words in a question. The key words for this question are occult blood
test, avoid and 2 hours. Each option stands alone with the question. After reading the
question look at each option and identify whether it is true or false.
Knowledge of diagnostic tests is needed by the examiner. This question asks what
should be avoided 2 hours prior to a occult blood test, so let's look at the options.
Option 1 is correct. Liver ingested within 2 hours of the test may produce a
false-positive reading of the occult blood test.
Option 2 is incorrect. A tomato is not on the food list that will cause a false positive
reading if eaten within 2 hours prior to a occult blood test
Option 3 is correct. Ibuprofen is on the medication list that will cause a false reading if
taken within 2 hours to a occult blood test.
Option 4 is correct. Sardines eaten within 2 hours of the occult blood test will cause a
false positive result.
,Option 5 is correct. Ascorbic Acid is one of the medications that is contraindicated 2
hours before the occult blood test, which will give a false reading.
A nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted to the hospital for a total hip
replacement. Which goal is the highest priority in the post-operative phase of care?
You answered this question Correctly
1. Prevent complications of shock.
2. Prevent dislocation of prosthesis.
3. Prevent respiratory complications.
4. Prevent skin breakdown - ANSWER 3. Correct: The postoperative client with a total
hip replacement is at risk for thromboembolism and fat emboli that can travel to the
lungs and cause respiratory distress. Without adequate turning, coughing, and deep
breathing, pneumonia and atelectasis may occur. So preventing respiratory
complications is up there on the list. Remember the ABCs: airway, breathing, then
circulation. The prevention of the complications regarding the respiratory system
comes first because the sudden death can be caused from the complications of deep
vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. 1. This client is at risk for bleeding and/or
hematoma formation related to surgical trauma to blood vessels (the hip is a very
vascular area) and use of anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents before and after surgery.
Therefore, the nurse will need to monitor for shock caused by loss of volume. The nurse
should monitor drains, wound dressings, and intake and output. But remember Airway
and Breathing take priority. 2. Incorrect: Dislocation of the prosthesis is another
complication to be concerned with. It will cause pain and possible deformity and is very
important, but airway is the priority. Dislocation of the hip prosthesis is associated with
weakness of the hip muscles, improper positioning or movement of the operative
extremity, and/or noncompliance with weight-bearing limitations.
4. The client is at risk for skin breakdown if not turned and repositioned properly or
ambulated as soon as prescribed. However, Airway is still the priority for this client.
Which strategies should the nurse suggest for the prevention of constipation in older
clients?
You answered this question Incorrectly
1. Mild laxatives are appropriate if a bowel movement is not achieved daily.
,2. Emphasize the importance of developing a bowel routine.
3. Abdominal toning exercises should be initiated.
4. Instruct client on foods that are low in bulk.
5. Fluid intake of 6-8 glasses of water per day.
- ANSWER 2., 3. & 5. Correct: A bowel routine should be established and the urge to
defecate responded to.
Exercise program, ambulation, and abdominal muscle toning will strengthen muscles
and help move colon contents. Tone abdominal muscles by contracting 4 times daily and
do leg to chest lifts 10-20 times per day. A diet high in fiber is also helpful. Laxatives
should be used as a last resort and not taken routinely. Over time laxatives will
desensitize the bowel and further exacerbate constipation. Adequate fluid intake is
required to help manage constipation. 1. Incorrect: A bowel movement is not necessary
each day provided that the bowels are moving regularly. 4. Incorrect: The diet needs to
be high in bulk and fiber rather than low in bulk. A client who has been on the nursing
unit for two hours has received a retropubic prostatectomy for the treatment of prostate
cancer. The client is receiving a continuous bladder irrigation of normal saline infusing
at 1000 mL/hr. The client's urine output for the past two hours is 410 mL. What is the
nurse's first action?
You answered this question Incorrectly
1. Inspect the catheter tubing for obstruction.
2. Irrigate the catheter with large piston syringe.
3. Notify the primary health care provider.
4. Stop irrigation. - International nursing research answer 4. Rationale: Output of
catheter should be a minimum of the amount of irrigation input plus client's actual urine
output. Grossly diminished output indicates an obstruction in the drainage system. First
action is to stop the flow of irrigation to avoid further distention of the bladder. Bladder
distension is the most common cause of hemorrhage during early post-operative period.
1. Incorrect The second intervention would be to check the external system for kinks or
obstruction to determine if this is the source of the decreased urine output. The tubing
, of the catheter, if obstructed, will also lead to bladder distention.
2. Incorrect After the external system is checked for kinks or obstruction, and the
client's urine output does not change, then the catheter is irrigated with 30 to 50 mL of
normal saline using a large piston syringe. However irrigating a new post-op client is not
the safest nor first action for the nurse.
3. Incorrect: Of the interventions presented above, this is the last intervention. If the
obstruction has not been dislodged by the flushing of the system, then the primary care
provider must be notified.
The LPN/VN is reinforcing instruction in a community health class regarding cancer
prevention and screening. Which client does the nurse determine to be at greatest risk
for colon cancer?
You answered this question Correctly
1. Diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome
2. Family history of colon polyps
3. Presence of liver cirrhosis
4. History of colon surgery - CORRECT Most cases of colon cancers start as small,
non-cancerous growths called adenomatous polyps, which develop in the lining of the
large intestines. With time, some of these polyps continue to grow into malignant colon
cancers when not removed through colonoscopy.
It can be caused by a genetic tendency given by family members.
One may be born with genetic mutations or even a fault in a gene that will statistically
increase the potential of developing cancer in later life. Age is one of the most
significant risk factors for colon cancers. Colon cancers are more common to a person
leading a sedentary lifestyle, obese person, and smoker of tobacco. Diet is a very
important factor associated with the development of colon cancer. Diets that are low in
fiber but high in fat, calories, and red meat and processed meats tend to increase the
risk for colon cancer. Several diseases and conditions have been associated with an
increased risk of developing colon cancer. Diabetes, acromegaly (a growth hormone
disorder), radiation treatment for other cancers, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease
increase the risk of colon cancer. A client diagnosed with hypothyroidism has received
dietary education from the nurse. Which snack selection chosen by the client would
indicate that education has been successful? You answered this question Correctly 1.
Cup of almonds 2. Cheese and crackers
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