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Anthropology Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update
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Anthropology - Answer-- study of human species and its immediate ancestors - examines the diversity that arises throughout human adaptation Holistic - Answer-- interested in whole of the human condition post, present, and future - biology, society, language, and culture Cultural relativism...

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  • October 11, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • anthropology exam questions and answers latest upd
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Anthropology Exam Questions and
Answers Latest Update
Anthropology - Answer-- study of human species and its immediate ancestors
- examines the diversity that arises throughout human adaptation

Holistic - Answer-- interested in whole of the human condition post, present, and future
- biology, society, language, and culture

Cultural relativism (methodology) - Answer-- position that values and standards of
cultures differ and deserve respect
- anthropology is characterized by methodology rather than moral relativism
- they try to understand its members beliefs and motivation

Ethnocentrism - Answer-the tendency to view ones own culture as best and to judge the
behaviour and beliefs of culturally different people by our own standards

Adaptation - Answer-- process by which organisms cope with environmental stresses
- increased importance over the past 2000 years

Culture - Answer-- traditions and customs that govern behavior and beliefs
- distinctly human
- transmitted through learning
- influences how our bodies develop by promoting/discouraging certain activities
- system of knowledge (category, connecting symbols, integration of cultures, human
necessity)
- culture is a map ( learning how to respond to the world, filter through learned
behaviour and information, creation of artificial environment)

Four-field anthropology - Answer-- known as "general anthropology"
- unified
- sociocultural (cultural) anthropology
- archaeological anthropology
- biological anthropology
- linguistic anthropology

Ethnology (areas of inquiry) - Answer-- cultural sense, dimension of daily life
- photography as context
- 80-70% of anthropologists
- center of the discipline, studying living people's behaviour and culture
- theoretical, comparative study of society and culture
-Compares cultures in time and space

, Archaeology (areas of inquiry) - Answer-- cultures ceased to function or adapt (ancient
Maya cities)
- longitudinal: how culture evolves in the past, sites comparing

Linguistic anthropology (areas of inquiry) - Answer-- how languages mean
- what people talk about, how people talk, where to use language with whom
- writing, distance,...

Physical (biological) anthropology - Answer-- genetic behaviour tendency, instinct
capacity and programming
- bones and soft tissues
- population and behaviour studies
- paleontology, forensic anthropology, and primatology

Primatology (sub-specialty of physical anthropology) - Answer-non human primate
species

Franz Boas - Answer-- Father of Modern Anthropology
- founder of the 4 field approach
-First field work with Eskimo in Canada
- set up PhD program at Columbia University
- Pioneered the concept of life group displays, aka dioramas
- exhibited skulls of various peoples to demonstrate the irrelevance of brain size and
argue the diminished significance of theories of racial distinction between humans

Fieldwork - Answer-- process of doing ethnography
- based on applied research, policy related
- different approaches (some researching, some adapting)
- cultural shock, political issues

Ethnography - Answer-- fieldwork in a particular culture
- representation of culture, translating a culture

Emic vs. Etic data - Answer--Emic data: how local people think
-Etic Data: shifits the focus from local observation to thoses of anthropologists

Ethnologist as "marginal insider" - Answer-

Cultural shock - Answer-- key feature of all field work
- " a form of anxiety that results from an inability to predict the behavior of others or to
act appropriately in cross-cultural situation
-can have culture shock when visiting a new place, and when coming home

Qualitative approach (subjective data) - Answer-- texture of life
-how do people make sense of their behavior

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