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EASA ATPL METEROLOGY EXAM ACTUAL EXAM
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EASA ATPL METEROLOGY EXAM ACTUAL EXAM
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EASA ATPL METEROLOGY EXAM ACTUAL EXAM 300QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |AGRADE
In what order are the different layers of the atmosphere ground up ? - ANSWER:
Troposphere
Tropopause
stratosphere
Stratopause
Mesosphere
Mesopause
Thermosphere
What is and where is the Troposphere? - ANSWER: -The troposphere is the lower
portion of the earths atmosphere
-The temperature decreases with altitude.
- Most of the water vapor, clouds and weather in the atmosphere is found here.
What is and where is the tropopause ? - ANSWER: -Is the boundary in the boundary
in the atmosphere where the temperature no longer decreases with height.
-Varies in altitude 8 km at a temperature of - 40 c over the poles to 18 km at a temp
of - 70 c over the equator.
- Marks the boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere
- Temperature is constant in the lower portions of the stratosphere (isothermal
layer)
What and where is the stratosphere ? - ANSWER: - The upper layers of the
stratosphere temperature increases with height (due to the presence of the ozone)
to the stratopause.
What and where is the mesosphere ? - ANSWER: -Beings at 50 km above the
stratopause.
-After a shallow isothermal layer, temperature decreases in the mesosphere until the
mesopause.
What and where is the mesopause? - ANSWER: - The mesopause is at 80km above
the mesosphere where temperature starts to increase because it is where the
thermosphere beings.
What is the thermosphere and where is it ? - ANSWER: - The thermosphere is about
80 km above the earths surface.
- Temperatures are constant in lower portions at 90 km the temperature rises again
due to solar radiation.
What is the ISA standard environmental temperature lapse rate from 0 to 36,090 ft ?
- ANSWER: 1.98 degrees or 2 degrees
,What is the ISA tropopause ft ? - ANSWER: 36090 ft AMSL
What is the ISA (MSA) mean sea level temperature ? - ANSWER: 15 degrees
What is the ISA tropopause temperature ? - ANSWER: - 56 degrees c
Explain the ozone in relation to the temperatures in the upper stratosphere ? -
ANSWER: The ozone ( a molecule of 3 oxygen atoms)
- Absorbs much of the ultraviolet radiation coming from the sun.
- High UV doses are harmful to humans so the ozone layer protects us from
damaging radiation.
-The ozone absorbs the UV it heats up resulting in higher temperatures in the upper
stratosphere.
What is the standard decrease in temperature in the troposphere? - ANSWER: - 2
degrees per 1000ft.
In what ways does heat transfer through the atmosphere name the three ways? -
ANSWER: Heat is a form of energy and temperature is a measure of a body's energy.
Heat may be transferred in three ways :
Radiation
Conduction
Convection
What is radiation ? - ANSWER: The transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves.
Anybody with a temp above 0 radiates heat energy.
This energy travels as electromagnetic waves.
The hotter the body the shorter the wavelength.
What is the wave length of the sun in terms of radiation and what is it called? -
ANSWER: The sun is extremely hot emitting short wavelengths also known as
insolation.
What is the wave length of earth in terms of radiation and what is it called ? -
ANSWER: The earths surface is much cooler, emitting long wave radiation known as
terrestrial radiation.
What is heat transfer in terms of radiation and how does it work ? - ANSWER: Heat
transfer by radiation can occur through a vacuum which is why the earth is able to
receive radiation from the sun.
Insolation which passes through the atmosphere heats the earths surface. .
What is conduction and how does it work ? - ANSWER: The transfer of heat through
contact.
As the earths surface is heated by insolation, the air in contact with the earths
surface is heated by conduction.
,Is air a good conductor of heat and why does temperature decrease with altitude? -
ANSWER: Air is not a good conductor of heat and this is why only the air close to the
earths surface is heated. And why temperature decreases with altitude in the lower
portions of the atmosphere.
What is convection and how does it work ? - ANSWER: The transfer of heat through
movement of a body, usually vertically.
Air is heated by contact with the earths surface it becomes less dense.
This generates rising currents of warm air.
As the air cools it moves horizontally before descending again.
The horizontal movement is called advection. Convection and advection combine to
form a simple circulating pattern.
Simplified terms what is
radiation
convection
conduction - ANSWER: radiation is the sun heating the ground
Convection is warm air rising
conduction is the ground heating the air
What is the greenhouse effect and what is its relation to heat transfer? - ANSWER:
Terrestrial radiation has difficulty penetrating the atmosphere. Due to its longer
wave length, terrestrial radiation (earths radiation ) is more readily absorbed by
water vapor and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Their molecules that radiate
heat back to earth = the green house effect.
How much insolation is absorbed by the earths surface and what is it lost by ? -
ANSWER: of all the insolation reaching the atmosphere less than half is absorbed by
the earths surface.
Reflection from the ground and cloud tops
Scattering by dust, water vapors and smoke
What does the temperature of the earths surface depend on? - ANSWER: Reflectivity
of the surface
Conductivity of the surface
Specific heat of the surface : the heat energy required to raise the temperature of an
object by 1 degree)
Cloud cover: lower surface the temperatures by day. By night, clouds insulate against
heat, loss, keeping the surface warmer by absorbing terrestrial radiation)
What is diurnal variation? - ANSWER: Diurnal variation means 24 hour or daily
variation. Gradual changes occur over the sea of less than 1 degree.
Desert areas may vary by as much as 20 degrees in a 24 hour period.
Isotherms are lines on a weather map that connects places having the same
temperature at a particular time.
, When are peak and low temperatures in the day according to diurnal variation and
why ? - ANSWER: Peak temperature times are 2pm and 3pm because the surface air
continues to warm by conduction.
The lowest temperature in around dawn because the surface has been losing heat all
night as terrestrial radiation.
What has a greater diurnal variation coastal or inland areas and why ? - ANSWER:
Inland locations have greater diurnal variation than costal areas because the high
specific heat of the ocean keeps costal temperatures cooler during the say and
warmer at night.
Inland the atmosphere heats up more during the day and cools off more at night.
What will wind and cloud cover do to diurnal variation ? - ANSWER: Wind will mix up
the air and reduce diurnal variation while calm conditions will result in bigger diurnal
variation in air temperature. Cloud cover will reduce the diurnal variation at a
particular place.
Which part of the atmosphere has majority of the water vapor of the atmosphere
and the temperature decreases with height - ANSWER: The troposphere
With increasing altitude in the stratosphere the temperature ? - ANSWER: Increases
How far above the earths surface is the tropopause? - ANSWER: It is 8km to 18 km
above the earths surface at which a marked change in temperature lapse is
apparent.
The ISA standard atmosphere the tropopause is found at? - ANSWER: a heigh of
36090 ft
One of the major differences between the troposphere and the stratosphere is that
the stratosphere ? - ANSWER: has almost no clouds
The lapse rate in the stratosphere is due to ? - ANSWER: the presence of heat
absorbing ozone
Which section of the atmosphere is where most of the weather occurs? - ANSWER:
the troposphere
The temperature in the ISA tropopause is? - ANSWER: - 56 degrees.
Normally the diurnal range of temperature is greatest at - ANSWER: an inland
location
Diurnal variation of temperature is ? - ANSWER: The temperature pattern over a 24
hour period
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