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Anthropology Exam 1 Study Guide Questions and Answers
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adaptations - Answer-genetic, long-term/short-term, technological anthropology - Answer-the study of the human species and its immediate ancestors holism - Answer-all-inclusive study of the whole human condition; biology, society, language, and culture enculturation - Answer-direct or indi...

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  • October 11, 2024
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  • adaptations answer genetic long termshort term

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Anthropology Exam 1 Study Guide
Questions and Answers
adaptations - Answer-genetic, long-term/short-term, technological

anthropology - Answer-the study of the human species and its immediate ancestors

holism - Answer-all-inclusive study of the whole human condition; biology, society,
language, and culture

enculturation - Answer-direct or indirect instructions by which culture is learned

four subfields of anthropology - Answer-cultural (a learned set of values), archaeology
(material remains), biological (the biological diversity in time and space), linguistic
(communication)

paleoecology - Answer-ecosystems of the past

applied anthropology - Answer-application of anthropological data to solve
contemporary problems

cultural resource management - Answer-preserving sites or allowing destruction if
insignificant

qualitative - Answer-small sample sizes, more depth of data (anthro approach)

quantitative - Answer-large sample sizes, many points of data (sociology approach)

ethnology - Answer-based on cross-cultural comparisons and results of ethnography

ethnography - Answer-based on fieldwork and inherently comparative

participant observation - Answer-living in or participating in culture that is being
observed

Bronislaw Malinowski - Answer-Polish, studied in London, the "father" of anthropology,
went to Trobriand Islands,
1. cut self off from own people
2. immerse self in social world under study
3i. patterns, structures, anatomy of social life
3ii. details of everyday life, imponderabilia
3iii. telling set of anecdotes (Corpus Inscriptionum)

rapport - Answer-good relationships based on contact

, emic - Answer-local or insider's perspective

etic - Answer-external, analytical, comparative, outsider's perspective

genealogical method - Answer-document family trees, communal residence

key cultural informants - Answer-gatekeepers in control of access to events and people

life history - Answer-document stages of life, experiences, exemplary, common, intimate
cultural portrait

longitudinal research - Answer-long-term study of an area with repeated visits

problem-oriented research - Answer-trying to find an answer; you go with a problem in
mind

multi-sited ethnography - Answer-project based on a number of different sites

team research - Answer-member of a team

ethics - Answer-informed consent

questionnaire - Answer-respondents fill out forms

survey research - Answer-sampling impersonal data collection/statistical analysis

naive realism - Answer-thinking people everywhere have the same reality

E.B. Taylor's definition of culture - Answer-Taken in its wide ethnographic sense, is that
complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any
other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.

distinctive features of culture - Answer-learned
shared
contested (ideal vs. real)
symbolic
shapes and channels nature
all-encompassing
integrated
adaptive vs. maladaptive
changing
inclusive and exclusive

acculturation - Answer-colonization; forcing of one culture on another, ongoing
exchange through firsthand contact

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