BIOCHEM ACS FINAL EXAM LATEST REAL EXAM 200
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS)|ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the 3 parts of an amino acid? - ANSWER: amino group, side chain,
carboxylic acid group
What conformation do amino acids exist in naturally? (L or D) - ANSWER: L
Amino acids that can be synthesized in the body - ANSWER: nonessential
Amino acids that are not synthesized in the body and must be obtained from the diet
are called - ANSWER: essential
What links two amino acids together? - ANSWER: peptide bond
What links monosaccharides together? - ANSWER: glycosidic linkages
What links nucleotides together? - ANSWER: phosphodiester bonds
What is a hexose sugar? - ANSWER: 6 carbon sugar
What is a pentose sugar? - ANSWER: 5 carbon sugar
What is an aldose sugar? - ANSWER: a monosaccharide with an aldehyde group
What is a ketose sugar? - ANSWER: monosaccharide with a ketone group
What conformation do carbohydrates exist in naturally? (L or D) - ANSWER: D
What is the anomeric carbon on a sugar? - ANSWER: Next to the O in the ring and
has an OH attached to the carbon
, reducing vs non-reducing sugar - ANSWER: Reducing: When the anomeric carbon is
free to bind
Non-reducing: When the anomeric carbon is apart of the glycosidic bond
What is maltose? - ANSWER: glucose + glucose
What is lactose? - ANSWER: glucose + galactose
What is sucrose? - ANSWER: glucose + fructose
What does a nucleotide consist of? - ANSWER: pentose sugar, phosphate group,
nitrogen base
Purines - ANSWER: Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines - ANSWER: cytosine, thymine, uracil
How many hydrogen bonds are between A and T? - ANSWER: 2 hydrogen bonds
How many hydrogen bonds are between G and C? - ANSWER: 3 hydrogen bonds
What are the 4 nitrogen bases in DNA? - ANSWER: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine,
Cytosine
What forces stabilize phosphodiester bonds? - ANSWER: - Hydrogen bonds
- Hydrophobic effects
- Charge-charge interactions
What is chromatin? - ANSWER: DNA molecules that are tightly coiled around
proteins called histones.
What is a nucleosome? - ANSWER: A region of DNA wound around histone proteins
"beads on a string"
What are homopolysaccharides? - ANSWER: polysaccharides made up of one kind of
monosaccharide (can be branched or unbranched)
What are heteropolysaccharides? - ANSWER: polysaccharides made up of more than
one kind of monosaccharide (can be branched or unbranched)
What are the 2 components of starch and which one is branched? - ANSWER:
amylose: unbranched, insoluble in water, makes up 20% of starch
amylopectin: branched, soluble in water, makes up 80% of starch
What is glycogen? - ANSWER: It is a stored formed of glucose/energy manufactured
by the liver. It is branched and soluble
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