1. Which of the following is a normal physiological change associated with aging?
o A) Decreased blood pressure
o B) Increased muscle mass
o C) Decreased lung capacity
o D) Increased metabolism
Answer: C) Decreased lung capacity
Rationale: Aging typically results in decreased lung capacity du...
1. Which of the following is a normal physiological change associated with aging?
o A) Decreased blood pressure
o B) Increased muscle mass
o C) Decreased lung capacity
o D) Increased metabolism
Answer: C) Decreased lung capacity
Rationale: Aging typically results in decreased lung capacity due to decreased
elasticity and strength of respiratory muscles.
2. When assessing an older adult, which of the following is the most significant factor
to consider?
o A) Their level of education
o B) Their physical health status
o C) Their living situation
o D) Their cognitive function
Answer: D) Their cognitive function
Rationale: Cognitive function can significantly impact an older adult's ability to
manage their health and understand treatment options.
3. An older adult has difficulty swallowing. The nurse should first:
o A) Encourage the use of thickened liquids
o B) Refer to a speech therapist
o C) Assess for signs of aspiration
o D) Monitor the patient’s weight
Answer: C) Assess for signs of aspiration
Rationale: Before implementing interventions, it is essential to assess for
potential complications, such as aspiration.
4. Which of the following conditions is the leading cause of disability among older
adults?
o A) Osteoporosis
o B) Arthritis
o C) Diabetes
o D) Heart disease
Answer: B) Arthritis
Rationale: Arthritis is prevalent in older adults and is a significant cause of pain
and disability.
5. When planning care for an older adult, the nurse should consider which of the
following principles?
o A) Older adults are incapable of learning new information.
o B) Older adults have diverse experiences and knowledge.
o C) Older adults prefer rigid routines and dislike change.
o D) Older adults are typically resistant to healthcare interventions.
Answer: B) Older adults have diverse experiences and knowledge.
, Rationale: Older adults bring a wealth of life experience that can enhance their
learning and participation in care.
6. Which of the following best describes the concept of "ageism"?
o A) Favoritism toward older adults
o B) Discrimination against older adults
o C) Positive stereotypes of aging
o D) Valuing the wisdom of older adults
Answer: B) Discrimination against older adults
Rationale: Ageism refers to the negative stereotypes and discrimination based on
a person's age, often resulting in marginalization of older individuals.
7. A nurse is teaching an older adult about the importance of hydration. Which of the
following statements made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
o A) "I don’t feel thirsty often."
o B) "I should drink water even if I don’t feel thirsty."
o C) "I can get enough fluids from coffee and tea."
o D) "I should drink more during hot weather."
Answer: C) "I can get enough fluids from coffee and tea."
Rationale: While coffee and tea contribute to fluid intake, they can also have
diuretic effects; water is essential for hydration.
8. Which of the following interventions can help prevent falls in older adults?
o A) Encouraging bed rest
o B) Providing adequate lighting
o C) Restricting mobility
o D) Removing handrails from staircases
Answer: B) Providing adequate lighting
Rationale: Adequate lighting reduces the risk of falls by improving visibility in the
environment.
9. When conducting a medication review for an older adult, the nurse should prioritize
which of the following?
o A) The total number of medications
o B) The potential for drug interactions
o C) The cost of the medications
o D) The time of day medications are taken
Answer: B) The potential for drug interactions
Rationale: Older adults are at higher risk for drug interactions due to
polypharmacy, making it crucial to review interactions.
10. An older adult has been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Which of the following
should be included in the nursing care plan?
o A) Promote independence in all activities
o B) Use clear and simple instructions
o C) Encourage long, detailed conversations
o D) Avoid routine to enhance cognitive stimulation
Answer: B) Use clear and simple instructions
Rationale: Simple instructions help older adults with cognitive impairments
understand and follow directions more easily.
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