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SJSU Biol 30 Exam 3 questions and answers

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SJSU Biol 30 Exam 3 questions and answers Which cytoskeleton component can be assembled and disassembled quickly?Actin Filaments and Microtubules Which organelles participate in protein folding?Golgi Complex and rough endoplasmic reticulum Which shape will have the lowest surface ...

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  • October 11, 2024
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  • Questions & answers
  • SJSU Biol 30
  • SJSU Biol 30
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SJSU Biol 30 Exam 3 questions and
answers
Which cytoskeleton component can be assembled and disassembled
quickly?✔✔Actin Filaments and Microtubules

Which organelles participate in protein folding?✔✔Golgi Complex and rough
endoplasmic reticulum

Which shape will have the lowest surface area to volume ratio?✔✔Sphere

Which of the following is true about cells that specialize in nutrient
absorption?✔✔They have a high surface area to volume to ratio.

Which type of lipid composition would require the greatest amount of energy to pull
into microvili?✔✔Membrane with a high concentration of cholestrerol

To make microvili, which of the following is not necessary?✔✔Intermediate
Filaments

True of False: The cell membrane and the endoplasmic Reticulum.✔✔False

If you wanted the smallest diameter tube with which types of lipids should you
use?✔✔Rigid Lipids

What is the difference between saturated fat and unsaturated fat?✔✔Saturated fatty
acids: (hard) fat, fatty acids with single bonds between all carbon pairs, lack double
bonds between the individual carbon atoms
Saturated fats tend to be solid at room temperature and from animal sources
Unsaturated fatty acids: (oil) fatty acids that contain double bonds between one or
more pairs of carbon atoms
Unsaturated fats are usually liquid and from plant sources

What functions do lipids play in the cell?✔✔Cell structure
Separate cell from environment (permeability barriers)
Localization of proteins/reactions
Membrane-bound organelles (Eukaryotes)
Signaling molecules (steroid hormones)
Signal transduction

The plasma membrane of an organism who lives in extreme hot temperatures is
likely to contain (saturated or unsaturated) fatty acid. What about for the organisms
that live in extreme cold temperatures?✔✔Hot environments= saturated fats
Cold environments= unsaturated fats

What are the 3 types of lipids?✔✔Triglycerides, Steroids, phospholipids

, Define Triglycerides✔✔Common type of lipid, 3 fatty acids and a clycerol molecule
are linked by an ester bond formed during dehydration synthesis

Defines phospholipids✔✔One fatty acid is phophate group. P group is polar and
hydrophilic.

Hydrophilic head. Hydrophobic tail.

Steroids✔✔4 carbon chain ring with side chains

Define cytoskeleton✔✔provides internal structure that determines cell shape

What type of biomolecule(s) make up the cytoskeleton?✔✔proteins

Can cells alter their surface area to volume ratio by making membrane out of
different lipids?✔✔Yes, using microvilli

List 3 homologs of cytoskeleton discovered in bacterial cells✔✔Actin, Intermediate
Fibers, Microtubules

Define Actin✔✔Serves as a track for myosin, a motor protein:
Muscle contraction
Cytokinesis after mitosis
Highways for cargo transport
Assemble and disassemble quickly and involved in cell movement/motility
Provides cell structure

Define Intermediate Fibers✔✔More permanent than actin
One type is made of keratin and found in hair, nails, & skin
Play mainly a structural role for cells and organelles
Maintains cell shape
anchors nucleus

Define microtubules✔✔Largest diameter
Grow and Shrink quickly
Provide track for kinesin and dynein motor proteins
Function in vesicle and protein trafficking
Play a structural role & help cells resist compression
{Also form cilia, flagella, and centrosomes (Eukaryotes)}

Does cholesterol make the cell membrane more rigid or more flexible?✔✔More rigid
and less permeable to other molecules or ions in high temperature

Define Sympathetic Nervous System✔✔Fight or Flight
Increase Glucose
Increase Blood oxygen
Shuts off every other system
Increase respiration

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