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HSCI 207 FINAL Second Half Of Sem Questions And Answers 2024 Update
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HSCI 207 FINAL Second Half Of Sem Questions And Answers 2024 Update
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HSCI 207 FINAL Second Half Of SemQuestions And Answers 2024 Update
measurments def + aims (2)
in hsci research measures in order to take a concept and observe it empirically
it aims to:
- describe, explain predict and control health sci issues
- therefore learning each specific design and conduct them to match the study and achieve hsci
objectives
Steps of measurment
1. conceptualization
2. operationalization
conceptualization def + 2
AKA the process of thinking through various meanings of a concept
- referring to abstract concepts
- conceptual definition: definitions in abstract + theoretical terms
"ethnicity" conceptualization
defining difference between terms such as ethnic identity vs ethnic origin
operationalization def + 3
AKA development of specific research procedures that will result in empirical observations
operational definition: imp in research bc.
- force thinking about the topic specifically and carefully in precise terms
- allows for replication
- measurable
"ethnicity" operationalization
identifying the different ways one can test each concept:
,concept 1: ethnic identity- survey asking the ethnic groups they identify with
concept 2: ethnic origin- asking country of birth, first language
types of variables (3)
- categorical
- continuous
- discrete
categorical variable
- if you take an average of this type of variable, it has no meaning
ex. average smoker
scores pass/fail
continuous variable
- if you take average of this type of variable, it has a meaning
ex. BP
average age
discrete variables
- a variable that can only take on a certain # of values, categorical are considered to be this types of
variable
ex. score 1- low; 100-high
4 levels of measurement (highest to lowest)
- ratio
- interval
- ordinal
- nominal
nominal measures def +3
type of scale that lets researchers classify characteristics of study pop into categories
- mutually exclusive
, - least precise
- no mathematical interpretation
ex. blood type, occupation
ordinal measures def +3
measures can be characterized and put into categories and ordered/ranked into meaningful ways
- rank ordered according to amount of characteristics the object has
- mutually exclusive
- distances between variable do not necessarily equal across the ranges
ex. socioeconomic status (ranked from high to low)
describing health (poor to good)
interval measures (3)
- can be rank ordered
- actual value between variables has meaning (diff between 1&2 is same as diff between 4&5)
- numbers represent fixed measurement units (have meaning) but have no absolute zero point
ex. temp, pH
ratio measures (4)
- has all characteristics of other levels
- + absolute zero point that represents the absence if the attribute
- fixed measuring unit
- most accurate and precise for measurement
ex. body weight, zero kg means no weight, a person weighing 20 kg is 2x bigger than 10kg person
John is 10 years and sam is 20 years old
what are the statements that relates to each level of measurement
nominal: John is young sam is old
ordinal: John is younger than same
interval: John is 10 years younger than same
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