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NURS 425 - week 2 flash cards - I DID NOT MAKE fully solved & verified for accuracy
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NURS 425 - week 2 flash cards - IDID NOT MAKE fully solved &
verified for accuracy
The nurse attributes the patient's regular breathing rate of eight
breaths per minute to which condition?
A. Prolonged bed rest
B. Splinting of the chest
C. Overdose of stimulants
D. Drug-induced depression - answer Drug-induced depression
Bradypnea, or slow breathing, is the regular breathing rate of less
than 10 breaths per minute. It may be caused by drug-induced
depression of the respiratory center in the medulla. Hypoventilation
is a slow, irregular breathing pattern that occurs because of
prolonged bed rest or conscious splinting of the chest to avoid
respiratory pain. An overdose of stimulants will increase the
respiratory rate, not decrease it.
Which breath sounds are considered normal? Select all that apply.
A. Crackles
B. Wheezes
,C. Bronchial
D. Vesicular
E. Bronchovesicular - answer Bronchial
Vesicular
Bronchovesicular
There are three normal breath sounds. Bronchial breath sounds are
high-pitched and loud. Vesicular sounds are low-pitched and soft,
and sound more like rustling of the leaves in the wind.
Bronchovesicular sounds are moderate in pitch and are equal in
duration during inspiration and expiration. Crackles and wheezes
are abnormal breath sounds. Crackles are discontinuous popping
sounds heard during inspiration. Wheezes are continuous musical
sounds heard mainly during expiration.
The goblet cells of the lungs serve which purpose?
A. Enable the exchange of gases
B. Sweep away particulate matter
C. Provide space for gas exchange
D. Entrap small particulate matter - answer Entrap small
particulate matter
,The bronchi are lined with goblet cells, whose primary function is to
secrete mucus that entraps particulate matter. Cilia are also
structures in the bronchi, but their primary function is to sweep
particulate matter up and away so that it can be swallowed or
expelled through coughing. Gaseous exchange occurs across the
respiratory membrane in the alveolar duct and the alveoli, but does
not involve the goblet cells. The alveoli are clustered like grapes
around each alveolar duct. This creates millions of interalveolar
septa (walls) that increase the space available for gas exchange.
Which part of the lungs is assessed on the posterior chest?
A. Most of the upper lobes
B. Right middle lobe
C. Left middle lobe
D. All parts of the lower lobes - answer All parts of the lower lobes
The entire lower lobe can be assessed on the posterior chest. The
upper lobes occupy a small band of tissue from their apices at T1
down to T3 or T4. The right middle lobe does not project onto the
posterior chest at all, and the left lung does not have a middle lobe.
The lower lobes begin at T3 or T4 and their inferior border reaches
down to the level of T10 on expiration and T12 on inspiration.
In which location would the nurse auscultate the highest point of
the lung on the anterior side of the chest?
A. Seventh cervical vertebra
B. 3 to 4 cm above the clavicle
, C. Twelfth thoracic vertebra
D. Sixth rib in the midclavicular line - answer 3 to 4 cm above the
clavicle
In the anterior chest, the apex or highest point of the lung tissue is
3 to 4 cm above the clavicles. The clavicle, commonly known as the
collarbone, is located between the sternum and the scapula.
Posteriorly, the location of the seventh cervical vertebra marks the
apex of the lung tissue. The base, or the lower border of the lung,
rests on the diaphragm at about the sixth rib in the midclavicular
line. Deep inspiration expands the lungs, and the lower border of
the lungs drops to the twelfth thoracic vertebra.
The nurse learns in shift report that the patient has Biot's
respirations. The nurse anticipates which assessment?
A. Breathing rate of less than 10 per minute
B. Gradual wax-and-wane pattern of respiration
C. Normal breathing interrupted by apnea
D. Normal inspiration followed by prolonged expiration - answer
Normal breathing interrupted by apnea
The breathing pattern in Biot's respiration is irregular. A series of
three to four normal respirations is followed by a period of apnea.
The length of the cycle is variable and lasts for 10 seconds to 1
minute. It is generally seen in patients with head trauma, brain
abscess, heat stroke, spinal meningitis, and encephalitis. In chronic
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