A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia (pernicious anemia). The most likely cause is a decrease in:
a. ferritin.
b. gastric enzymes.
c. intrinsic factor.
d. erythropoietin - - c. intrinsic factor
A 58-year-old female presents in the clinic with fatigue, weight ...
The majority of intervertebral disk herniations occur between which vertebral levels (cervical,
C; thoracic, T; lumbar, L; sacral, S)?
a. C1-C3
b. T1-T4
c. T12-L3
d. L4-S1 - ✔✔✔ - S. L4- S1
Who is most at risk of spinal cord injury because of preexisting degenerative disorders?
a. Infants
b. Men
c. Women
d. The elderly - ✔✔✔ - D. the elderly
A patient is brought to the ER for treatment of injuries received in a motor vehicle accident. An MRI
reveals spinal cord injury, and his body temperature fluctuates markedly. The most accurate
explanation of this phenomenon is that:
a. he developed pneumonia.
b. his sympathetic nervous system has been damaged.
c. he has a brain injury.
d. he has septicemia from an unknown source - ✔✔✔ - B. his sympathetic nervous system has been
damaged
Six weeks ago a patient suffered a T6 spinal cord injury. What complication does the nurse suspect
when the patient develops a blood pressure of 200/120, a severe headache, blurred vision, and
bradycardia?
,a. Extreme spinal shock
b. Acute anxiety
c. Autonomic hyperreflexia
d. Parasympathetic areflexia - ✔✔✔ - C. autonomic hyperreflexia
A patient diagnosed with a spinal cord injury experienced spinal shock lasting 15 days. The patient
is now experiencing an uncompensated cardiovascular response to sympathetic stimulation. What
does the nurse suspect caused this condition?
a. Toxic accumulation of free radicals below the level of the injury
b. Pain stimulation above the level of the spinal cord lesion
c. A distended bladder or rectum
d. An abnormal vagal response - ✔✔✔ - C. distended bladder or rectum
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) has a (n) _____ inheritance pattern.
a. autosomal recessive
b. X-linked recessive
c. Y-linked dominant
d. autosomal dominant - ✔✔✔ - B. X-linked recessive
A 22-year-old female whose brother is diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) wants
to know if her children will inherit it. A fairly accurate test to identify female carriers of the disease
is measurement of serum levels of:
a. dystrophin.
b. myoglobin.
c. creatine kinase (CK).
d. troponin 1. - ✔✔✔ - c. Creatinine Kinase (CK)
The onset of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) most often occurs at:
a. 3-6 months of age.
, b. preschool years.
c. school age.
d. the onset of puberty. - ✔✔✔ - b. preschool years
A 3-year-old male is diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Treatment will include:
a. aspirin.
b. antivirals.
c. steroids.
d. chemotherapy. - ✔✔✔ - C. steroids
A 13 year old presents with pain at night, cough, and dyspnea and is diagnosed with a metastasizing
malignant bone tumor. The most likely type of tumor is:
a. nonossifying fibroma.
b. chondrosarcoma.
c. Ewing sarcoma.
d. osteosarcoma. - ✔✔✔ - d. osteosarcoma
Ewing sarcoma originates from:
a. osteoblasts.
b. epithelial cells.
c. the spleen.
d. the bone marrow. - ✔✔✔ - D. bone marrow
Osteosarcoma is most likely present in the _____ of long bones.
a. epiphyses
b. metaphyses
c. marrow
d. osteocytes - ✔✔✔ - B. metaphyses
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