what shape are cocci? correct answers spherical
What shape are bacilli? correct answers rod shaped
what shape are vibrio? correct answers bent rods
what shape are spirrilium? correct answers spiral shaped
what shape is pleiomorphic? correct answers varried shapes
can morphology predi...
Biol 240: Bacteria || QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100%
VERIFIED.
what shape are cocci? correct answers spherical
What shape are bacilli? correct answers rod shaped
what shape are vibrio? correct answers bent rods
what shape are spirrilium? correct answers spiral shaped
what shape is pleiomorphic? correct answers varried shapes
can morphology predict physiology, ecology, or phylogeny? correct answers no
what selective forces determine morphology of bacteria? correct answers 1 - nutrient uptake
efficiency (surface-to-volume ratio)
2 - spirals allow efficient swimming in viscous or turbulent fluids (i.e. near surfaces)
3 - gliding motility (filaments)
Hyphae correct answers The branching filaments of cells
Mycelia correct answers networks of branched hyphae
Trichomes correct answers smooth, unbranched chains of cells
order from largest to smallest (on average): Bacteria, Eukarya, Archaea correct answers
Eukarya ->Bacteria -> Archaea
How large are bacteria? correct answers 0.2 - 10 micrometers
What are three advantages to having a higher surface to volume ratio (being small) correct
answers 1 - greater rate of nutrient/waste exchange per unit volume
2 - supports higher metabolic rate
3 - supports faster growth rate, faster evolution
what is a DNA nucleoid made out of and what is its function? correct answers DNA, RNA
and protein
Purpose: genetic info and gene expression
What are chromosome-packaging proteins made out of and what is their purpose? correct
answers protein
Purpose: protection and compaction of genomic DNA
what are regulation factors made out of and what are their purpose? correct answers protein
and RNA
, Purpose: control replication, transcription, and translation
What are ribosomes made of and what are their purpose? correct answers Protein and rRNA
Purpose: translation
What are gas vesicles made out of and what is their purpose? correct answers protein
purpose: buoyancy
What are magnetosomes made out of and what is their purpose? correct answers protein,
lipid, iron
purpose: orienting cell during movement
Three ways bacteria coil their DNA: correct answers 1 - cations shield negative charges,
allowing molecule to coil
2 - small positively charged proteins bind to the molecule to maintain condensed structure
3 - topioisomerases enable supercoiling
sulfur globules correct answers sulfur storage for energy
Carboxysomes correct answers location of carbon fixation reactions (rubisco)
what cytoskeletal element does MreB make up and what is its purpose? correct answers
MreB makes microfilaments (actin). These provide structure to the bacterial cell through a
helix
what cytoskeletal element does FtsZ make up and what is its purpose? correct answers FtsZ
makes Microtubules (tubulin). These help divide the cell during mitosis by creating a ring
around the dividing line.
What is ParM's purpose? correct answers to help separate plasmid copies into their respective
cells during cell division.
what comprises the cell envelope? correct answers the cytoplasmic membrane, a
peptidoglycan cell wall, and an outer membrane (in gram negative bacteria)
Three roles of the plasma membrane: correct answers 1 - energy capture (ETC for respiration
or photosynthesis, flagella for movement)
2 - holding sensory systems (embedded proteins can detect changes in environment)
3 - Selectively Permeably Barrier
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