Nursing: A Concept-Based Approach to Learning Vol. 1 & 2, 3e (Pearson)
Module 4 Digestion
The Concept of Digestion
1) A client presents with delayed wound healing. During the physical assessment, which nutrient
deficiency does the nurse anticipate based on the data?
A) Protein
B) Digestive enzymes
C) Insulin
D) Carbohydrates
Answer: A
Explanation: A) A deficiency of protein may delay wound healing. Digestive enzymes aid in the
digestion of nutrients. Insulin allows glucose to be used by the cells. Carbohydrates are a source
of energy.
B) A deficiency of protein may delay wound healing. Digestive enzymes aid in the digestion of
nutrients. Insulin allows glucose to be used by the cells. Carbohydrates are a source of energy.
C) A deficiency of protein may delay wound healing. Digestive enzymes aid in the digestion of
nutrients. Insulin allows glucose to be used by the cells. Carbohydrates are a source of energy.
D) A deficiency of protein may delay wound healing. Digestive enzymes aid in the digestion of
nutrients. Insulin allows glucose to be used by the cells. Carbohydrates are a source of energy.
Page Ref: 218
Cognitive Level: Understanding
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Standards: QSEN Competencies: III.A.1. Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods
and processes. | AACN Essential Competencies: IX.3. Implement holistic, patient-centered care
that reflects an understanding of human growth and development, pathophysiology,
pharmacology, medical management and nursing management across the health-illness
continuum, across lifespan, and in all healthcare settings. | NLN Competencies: Knowledge and
Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe patient care | Nusing
Process: Assessment
Learning Outcome: 4.1 Analyze the physiology of digestion in the body.
MNL LO: Demonstrate understanding of the concept of digestion in the care of a patient with
gastroesophageal reflux disease.
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,2) Which clients are at the highest risk of being admitted to the emergency department with
severe nausea and vomiting? Select all that apply.
A) A 47-year-old with a 3-hour history of chest pressure
B) A 61-year-old reporting sudden onset of vertigo
C) A 72-year-old with an asthma exacerbation
D) A 23-year-old who sustained a head injury in a fall
E) A 19-year-old who is 6 weeks pregnant
Answer: A, B, D, E
Explanation: A) The vomiting center in the medulla of the brain may be affected by the
vestibular system of the ear, acute myocardial infarction, pregnancy, and increased intracranial
pressure. An asthma exacerbation is least likely to cause severe nausea and vomiting.
B) The vomiting center in the medulla of the brain may be affected by the vestibular system of
the ear, acute myocardial infarction, pregnancy, and increased intracranial pressure. An asthma
exacerbation is least likely to cause severe nausea and vomiting.
C) The vomiting center in the medulla of the brain may be affected by the vestibular system of
the ear, acute myocardial infarction, pregnancy, and increased intracranial pressure. An asthma
exacerbation is least likely to cause severe nausea and vomiting.
D) The vomiting center in the medulla of the brain may be affected by the vestibular system of
the ear, acute myocardial infarction, pregnancy, and increased intracranial pressure. An asthma
exacerbation is least likely to cause severe nausea and vomiting.
E) The vomiting center in the medulla of the brain may be affected by the vestibular system of
the ear, acute myocardial infarction, pregnancy, and increased intracranial pressure. An asthma
exacerbation is least likely to cause severe nausea and vomiting.
Page Ref: 219
Cognitive Level: Analyzing
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Standards: QSEN Competencies: III.A.1. Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods
and processes. | AACN Essential Competencies: IX.3. Implement holistic, patient-centered care
that reflects an understanding of human growth and development, pathophysiology,
pharmacology, medical management and nursing management across the health-illness
continuum, across lifespan, and in all healthcare settings. | NLN Competencies: Knowledge and
Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe patient care | Nusing
Process: Assessment
Learning Outcome: 4.3 Outline the relationship between digestion and other concepts.
MNL LO: Demonstrate understanding of the concept of digestion in the care of a patient with
gastroesophageal reflux disease.
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,3) The nurse is providing care for several clients on a medical-surgical unit. The nurse anticipates
that the client with which condition may require surgery?
A) Hepatitis
B) Pancreatitis
C) Pyloric stenosis
D) Malabsorption disorder
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Pyloric stenosis ultimately requires surgery to split the pyloric muscle to allow
passage of food and fluid. Hepatitis, pancreatitis, and malabsorption disorders are medically
treated.
B) Pyloric stenosis ultimately requires surgery to split the pyloric muscle to allow passage of
food and fluid. Hepatitis, pancreatitis, and malabsorption disorders are medically treated.
C) Pyloric stenosis ultimately requires surgery to split the pyloric muscle to allow passage of
food and fluid. Hepatitis, pancreatitis, and malabsorption disorders are medically treated.
D) Pyloric stenosis ultimately requires surgery to split the pyloric muscle to allow passage of
food and fluid. Hepatitis, pancreatitis, and malabsorption disorders are medically treated.
Page Ref: 220-221
Cognitive Level: Remembering
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Standards: QSEN Competencies: III.A.1. Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods
and processes. | AACN Essential Competencies: IX.3. Implement holistic, patient-centered care
that reflects an understanding of human growth and development, pathophysiology,
pharmacology, medical management and nursing management across the health-illness
continuum, across lifespan, and in all healthcare settings. | NLN Competencies: Knowledge and
Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe patient care | Nusing
Process: Assessment
Learning Outcome: 4.2 Differentiate alterations in digestion.
MNL LO: Demonstrate understanding of the concept of digestion in the care of a patient with
gastroesophageal reflux disease.
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, 4) The nurse is assigned to a 4-month-old infant with vomiting and diarrhea who is brought to
the pediatric clinic. The infant's vital signs are temperature: 37°C, apical HR: 130, R: 40/min.
The abdominal assessment reveals a soft, concave abdomen, 10 gurgles auscultated in 1 minute
in all four quadrants, and tympani to percussion. Which collaborative care action does the nurse
anticipate?
A) Check the surgical call schedule and reserve an operating suite.
B) Place the infant NPO for a barium swallow.
C) Prepare a milk-based infant formula to replace fluids.
D) Complete a thorough digestion assessment interview with the mother.
Answer: D
Explanation: A) The assessment data for this pediatric client indicates a nonemergent alteration
in digestion that requires additional interview information from the mother. Nothing in the
assessment indicates a surgical emergency. A barium swallow is not indicated for diarrhea. Milk-
based formulas would be avoided until symptoms subside.
B) The assessment data for this pediatric client indicates a nonemergent alteration in digestion
that requires additional interview information from the mother. Nothing in the assessment
indicates a surgical emergency. A barium swallow is not indicated for diarrhea. Milk-based
formulas would be avoided until symptoms subside.
C) The assessment data for this pediatric client indicates a nonemergent alteration in digestion
that requires additional interview information from the mother. Nothing in the assessment
indicates a surgical emergency. A barium swallow is not indicated for diarrhea. Milk-based
formulas would be avoided until symptoms subside.
D) The assessment data for this pediatric client indicates a nonemergent alteration in digestion
that requires additional interview information from the mother. Nothing in the assessment
indicates a surgical emergency. A barium swallow is not indicated for diarrhea. Milk-based
formulas would be avoided until symptoms subside.
Page Ref: 225
Cognitive Level: Analyzing
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Standards: QSEN Competencies: I.A.1. Integrate understanding of multiple dimensions of
patient-centered care: Patient/family/community preferences, values; Coordination and
integration of care; Information, communication, and education; Physical comfort and emotional
support; Involvement of family and friends Transition and continuity. | AACN Essential
Competencies: IX.7. Provide appropriate patient teaching that reflects developmental state, age,
culture, spirituality, patient preferences, and health literacy considerations to foster patient
engagement in their care. | NLN Competencies: Relationship Centered Care: Effective
communication. | Nursing Process: Evaluation
Learning Outcome: 4.5 Differentiate common assessment procedures and tests used to examine
digestion.
MNL LO: Demonstrate understanding of the concept of digestion in the care of a patient with
gastroesophageal reflux disease.
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