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ATI Critical Care Exam NEW VERSION UPDATE ACTUAL EXAM 310 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSW
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ATI Critical Care Exam NEW VERSION UPDATE ACTUAL EXAM 310 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSW
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ATI Critical Care Exam 2024What is the primary use of the medication calcium phosphate? - ANSWER>>>absorbs phosphate give 2
hours before other medications and give a stool softener
What is the number one priority for a patient with PKD? - ANSWER>>>manage HTN with prescribed
meds and a diet that is low in sodium; teach them how to take daily weights
what are possible signs of urosepsis and UTI in the older adult? -
ANSWER>>>confusion, incontinence, loss of appetite, nocturia and dysuria, hypotension, tachycardia,
tachypnea, and fever
T/F: Nitrofurantoin is commonly used for UTI's because it only reaches therapeutic levels in the urine. -
ANSWER>>>t; also phenezopyridine is used to help relieve bladder discomfort because it acts as a
bladder analgesic; it will turn urine orange
Will the patient have blood in their urine with glomerulonephritis? protein? -
ANSWER>>>yes and yes
what is neurogenic shock? what are some causes? - ANSWER>>>loss of sympathetic tone causing
massive vasodilation cx: head trauma, SCI, epidural
What are some causes of obstructive shock "cardiac pump failure"? -
ANSWER>>>blockage of the great vessles, pulmonary artery stenosis, PE, tamponade, tension
pneumothorax and aortic dissection
What lines should be inserted inpatient's who are in shock? why? - ANSWER>>>a-line: BP's continuous
PAC: CVP, PAP, and CO
What are the intropic agents used during shock? what are their considerations? -
ANSWER>>>milrininone, dobutamine
titrate
,What are the vasopressors used during shock? what are their considerations? - ANSWER>>>dopa and
norepi increase kidney perfusion at low doses but decrease at high doses give via a central line onset of
5 min and duration 10 min
What is antihistamine (dyphenhydramine) used for in shock? why do we use it? -
ANSWER>>>used to treat anaphylactic shock
SE: drowsiness, hypotension, and tachy heart
why is nitroprusside used in shock? - ANSWER>>>vasodilation, decreased afterload and increased
preload assess bp q 15 min
What is the treatment of choice for DIC? - ANSWER>>>blood transfusion
How many stool samples are needed for a guiac test? what medications should be avoided 7 days
before collecting the samples? what are the dietary restrictions? -
ANSWER>>>3
anticoags and NSAIDS vitamin c rich foods, red meat, chicken, fish
What is the proper positioning for a colonoscopy? - ANSWER>>>laying on the left side with the knees up
What procedure is used to see the biliary ducts, gall bladder, liver, and pancreas? - ANSWER>>>ERCP
(with this and EGD give a topical analgesic to prevent the gag reflex and give atropine to decrease
secretions)
What is the M2A diagnosticprocedure? - ANSWER>>>used to see the small bowel over an 8 hr period;
swallow capsule and return after it has come out in the stool; water fasting for 8-10 hours before the
procedure and normal eating 4 hours after swallowing the capsule
how often should we check a patient's residuals if they are recieving enteral feeding? - ANSWER>>>q4-
6h (hold for 100-200 ml)
What are the S&S of refeeding syndrome? - ANSWER>>>confusion, seizures, shallow resp, muscular
weakness
,How often should capillary glucose be checked with TPN? vital signs? - ANSWER>>>vs Q4-8h cg q4-8h
How often do you change the dressing on a central line used for tube feeding? -
ANSWER>>>q48-72 h
What is the nursing care for a patient who has undergone paracentesis? -
ANSWER>>>temp q4h I&O q4h educate about low salt, low sodium diet assess for hypovolemia
complications are bladder perf (no/ low urine, hematuria, symptoms of cyctitis, and fever) and
periotonits
what are the medications attempted before recommending bariactric surgery? - ANSWER>>>orlistat:
prevents fat digestion lorcaserin: curb appetite phentermine-toperimate: suppresses apetite by
increasing feelings of fullness
What is the laparoscopic adjustable gastric band procedure? - ANSWER>>>restricts stomach volume to
10-15 ml
What is a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy? - ANSWER>>>removal of the portion of the stomach that
secretes ghrelin (up to 85%)
What dietary changes should be encouraged for persons with ostomies? -
ANSWER>>>decrease intake of: odiferous foods (fish, eggs, asparagus, garlic, beans), gas producing
foods (dark green leafy vegs, beer, soda, dairy, corn
increase intake of: buttermilk, cranberry juice, parsely and yogurt to help decrease odor, and crackers
and toast to help decrease gas
avoid fibrous foods for two months after surgery and put breath mints in pouch to decrease odor
what patient teaching is needed for patients with esophageal varices? -
ANSWER>>>avoid alc, avoid heavy lifting, avoid straining with defecation, chew food completely, avoid
salicylates that can irritate the esophagus
, What activities might precipitate the bellding of esophageal varices? -
ANSWER>>>valsava, lifting heavy objects, coughing, sneezing, alcohol consumption
what medications are used for esophageal varicies? - ANSWER>>>BB's to decrease heart rate and
hepatic pressure (ie. propanolol) vasoconstrictors such as ocreotide to decrease bleeding but not drop
BP vasopressin reduces portal pressure
What are the treatments used for esophageal varices? - ANSWER>>>Banding
Scleropathy- use antacide, h2 receptors, and PPI's after to protect the esophagus and prevent reflux
TIPS (only if the first two dont work)- stent b/w the portal and hepatic veins bypassing the liver
What are sucralfate and bismuth used for in patients with PUD? -
ANSWER>>>sucralfate- coats the ulcer and prevents the action of pepcid and acid bismuth- prevents H
pylori from binding to the mucosal wall
(administer each 1 hr before meals and at bed time---expect constipation)
What are the early and late manifestations of dumping syndrome? - ANSWER>>>E: w/in 30 minutes
after eating, rapid emptying, n/v, sweating and dizziness, tachy palpitations
L: 1.5-3 h after eating, excessive insulin release, dizziness, sweating, tachycardia, shakiness, and
confusion
why would misoprostal be given for gastritis? - ANSWER>>>prostaglandins encourage mucosal
protection and decrease gastric acid secretion; inform about the potential to become preggers
what are the risk factors for problems with the gallbladder? - ANSWER>>>female, older, obese, DM II,
low cal liquid protein diets, rapid weight loss
What are the presenting signs for patients with gallbladder problems? - ANSWER>>>pain URQ that
radiates to the right shoulder murphy's sign - pain with deep inspiration during palpation of the right
subcostal area pain after eating a high fat meal Bloomberg's- rebound tenderness dyspepsia jaundice
clay and fatty stools dark urine pruritis
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