STATUS EPILEPTICUS (SE)
Seizure that persists for 15 to 30 minutes or longer or a series of recurrent seizures during
which the patient does not regain consciousness
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LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME
Seizure that develop during the preschool years, include a developmental delay, and seizures
can be very difficult to manage
FEBRILE SEIZURES
Common among children ages 6 months to 5 years and do not place children at a high risk of
developing epilepsy late in life
Manifest as generalized tonic-clonic convulsions of short duration
ATONIC SEIZURES
Characterized by sudden loss of muscle tone
, ABSENCE SEIZURES
Characterized by loss of consciousness for a brief time (10 to 30 seconds)
TONIC-CLONIC SEIZURES
Seizures manifest as major convulsions, characterized by a period of muscle rigidity (tonic
phase) followed by synchronous muscle jerks (clonic phase)
Typically lasts 90 seconds or less
ACTIVITY 2
NSG124.14.01.02 ANTISEIZURE AGENTS
The nurse is preparing to administer an antiseizure agent. The nurse knows which of the
following are correct? Select all that apply.
Phenytoin causes selective inhibition of potassium channels
Multiple agents decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives and are teratogenic
Patients may develop a morbilliform (measles-like) rash. Rarely, morbilliform rash progresses to
much more severe reactions: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)
The benzodiazepine lorazepam is recommended for first-line management of status epilepticus.
Multiple agents decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives and are teratogenic
Patients may develop a morbilliform (measles-like) rash. Rarely, morbilliform rash progresses to
much more severe reactions: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)
The benzodiazepine lorazepam is recommended for first-line management of status epilepticus.
ACTIVITY 3
NSG124.14.01.03 ANTISEIZURE AGENT NURSING CARE
The nurse is preparing to administer an antiepileptic drug. Which of the following are the correct
nursing implications regarding phenytoin [Dilantin]? Select all that apply.
Phenytoin must be taken on an empty stomach
Target serum level 10-20 mcg/mL
Continued alcohol use is appropriate
Adverse effect of gingival hyperplasia
Target serum level 10-20 mcg/mL
Adverse effect of gingival hyperplasia
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