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HESI Case Studies- Diabetes Type 1 Exam Latest Update
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HESI Case Studies- Diabetes Type 1 Exam Latest Update1. What is the mechanism for the development of Kussmaul respirations? - ANSWER The
respirations are deep and rapid to compensate for metabolic acidosis.
[Due to ketoacidosis/metabolic acidosis, an attempt is made to remove CO2 by the lungs
through a pattern of deep, rapid respirations; Kussmaul Respirations.]
2. To achieve the goal of restoring Lara's volume, the nurse would expect to utilize use
of which intervention? - ANSWER Keep an infusion of normal saline solution going.
Replacement of fluids for the treatment of hyperglycemia, which aims to reverse the
dehydration brought about by the increased level of glucose in the blood. Using an
isotonic solution initially, such as normal saline, to treat dehydration in the patient orally
if tolerated or intravenously:
3. In order to achieve a within normal limits blood sugar for Lara, the nurse should
prepare to administer which of the following? - ANSWER An IV infusion containing
regular insulin.
[Continuous IV infusions containing regular insulin are administered to lower the client's
BG. Laura's IV solution will be switched to one that contains glucose once her BG drops
to 250 mg/dL]
4. Other than Lara's blood glucose level, which of the following lab values will the nurse
also monitor closely? - ANSWER -Hemoglobin
-Calcium
-Potassium
-Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
, [.Hgb may be either falsely elevated or low depending on hydration status.
.Calcium is one of the regulatory ions
.IV insulin treatment will promote entry of glucose into the cells, taking potassium with
it, thereby lowering the serum potassium concentration.
.DKA-related dehydration can result in an elevated BUN. Renal values should be
monitored for renal insufficieny]
5. On what should the nurse base her decision about what each of these callers are to
be told? MORE The caller's right to privacy concerning Lara's health information is the
primary consideration.
[Clients have a right to privacy about their health information. The client must provide
permission before health information may be released.]
6. Which response is most appropriate for the charge nurse to make? - ANSWER "The
lab values can be copied as long as there is no identifying client data."
[Information that can be used for educational purposes can be used as long as the data
does not permit identification of the client.]
7. The nurse identifies that Lara has been experiencing symptoms of diabetes, such as
the following: - ANSWER Polyuria, polyphagia, and polydipsia.
[Classic manifestations of diabetes mellitus.]
8. The nurse replies: - ANSWER "The symptoms have an abrupt onset that is sometimes
initiated by a viral infection, like influenza, the flu. "
[Type 1 DM tends to be initiated by genetic and environmental factors.]
9. What is the most appropriate initial response by the nurse? - ANSWER "It must be
quite a shock to learn that you have diabetes."
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