Immune System - Answer-consists of cells, proteins, and supporting systems that kill or neutralize invaders, react to allergens and chemicals and monitor the body for cancer
Three roles of immune system - Answer-Fights pathogens, inactivates toxins and viruses, and monitors for cancer
Allergi...
MCB 3020 UF Exam 4 Questions with
Latest Update
Immune System - Answer-consists of cells, proteins, and supporting systems that kill or
neutralize invaders, react to allergens and chemicals and monitor the body for cancer
Three roles of immune system - Answer-Fights pathogens, inactivates toxins and
viruses, and monitors for cancer
Allergies - Answer-the immune system's response to a chemical or physical substance
that is not harmful
Hypersensitive response - Answer-the immune system produces an exaggerated or
overwhelming response
Autoimmune Disease - Answer-one that causes the body to attack "self" cells, which it
recognizes as foreign invaders
Lupus - Answer-Autoimmune disease; body produces antibodies against its own DNA
causing chronic fatigue
Ligand - Answer-a molecule that binds to a receptor on a target cell
Immune system and ligands - Answer-cells in the body have molecules on their surface
that allows them to interact as ligands with receptors on the immune-system cells.
*this is why the body's cells are recognized as "self"*
Trasplant patients - Answer-have to take immunosuppressive drugs because their
immune system recognizes the transplanted organ as a foreign body and will try to kill
those cells
Innate immunity - Answer-refers to the body's natural immunity-the immunity a person is
born with. This kind of immune response works the same way against all kinds of
infections.
*first and second line of defense*
Examples of innate immunity - Answer-fever and inflammation
Acquired immunity - Answer-a more specific, tailor-made immunity that is perfected as
an individual grows older. Exposure to a new kind of infection leads to the creation of
acquired immunity for later interactions with that infection
,*also called adaptive or specific immunity*
*third line of defense*
Humoral Immunity - Answer-*form of acquired immunity*
immunity against extracellular pathogens. Involves the activation of B cells, which
produce antibodies, and memory cells
Vaccines - Answer-involve the introduction of a modified virus or bacteria into the body
for the purpose of generating memory cells
Cell-mediated immunity - Answer-*form of acquired immunity*
immunity against intracellular pathogens. Involves T cells and natural killer cells that act
as the "housekeepers" and kill cells that pose a problem for the body
Natural Killer cells and T cells kill: - Answer-altered cells, infected cells, and cancer cells
lymphatic system - Answer-consists of lymphatic organs and a conducting network of
lymphatic vessels that carry lymph-these vessels run parallel to the circulatory system.
*most components of the immune system-such as T, B and phagocytic cells-exist in this
system*
Composistion of the lymph - Answer-very similar to blood (in the capillaries some of the
liquid portion of blood seeps out sand enters the lymphatic system, which returns it to
the heart) except there are NO red blood cells.
Primary lymphatic organs - Answer-involved in the production, maturation and
differentiation of the lymphocytes. Bone marrow and thymus as two primary organs
Secondary lymphatic tissues and organ - Answer-initiated an adaptive immune
response by encountering and binding antigens. Examples include lymph nodes, the
spleen, tonsils, peer's patch, appendix, and lymphoid tissues
Lymph nodes - Answer-pea-sized organs located throughout the lymphatic system.
They filter lymph for the presence of infection and initiate a response to begin fighting
infection. B and T cells interact with each other in the node to process the antigen and
initiate a response
*one way street*
Spleen - Answer-filters blood for the presence of infection. consists of two components-
red and white pulp-seperated by a zone
White pulp of spleen - Answer-contains lymphocytes that filter the blood for infection
red pulp of spleen - Answer-(makes up more of the spleen) is not involved with filtering
the blood for infection; it processes dead red blood cells
, Tonsils - Answer-fight against inhaled foreign pathogens
Lymphoid tissues - Answer-consists of a network of loosely attached and connected
lymphatic vessels. includes GALT, BALT, MALT, and SALT
MALT - Answer-mucose-associated lymphoid tissue, located in membranes of GI,
respiratory, genitourinary tracts and oral cavity and the breast
SALT - Answer-skin-associated lymphoid tissue
Peyer's patches - Answer-organized aggregations of the lymphoid tissue found in the
intestines and lungs. They are covered with micro fold cells (M cells). these patches
fight the infection "on the spot" which out having to pass the antigens through the lymph
node of spleen
Microfold Cells - Answer-(M cells) in Peyer's patches
specialized epithelium that internalize the infection. Antigens infect the M cells and are
then passed to the underlying immune system cells.
Appendix - Answer-who knows what it does. small out pocketing at the beginning of the
large intestine
Hematopoietic stem cells - Answer-in the bone marrow; these are the origin of all blood
components. they differentiate into two lines
Lymphoid stem cells - Answer-give rise to natural killer cells and lymphocytes (B and T
cells)
lymphocytes - Answer-B cells and T cells along with natural killer cells
Myeloid stem cells - Answer-give rise to red blood cells, platelets, neutrophils,
basophils, eosinophils, mast cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells
Leukocytes - Answer-white blood cells, the primary cells of immunity
Only cells that can form memory cells - Answer-B and T cells; they are the "main
players" in acquired immunity. They circulate in the blood AND are present in lymphoid
organs
B cells - Answer-are produced in the bone marrow and mature in the bone marrow. they
are activated in the lymph nodes. B cells differentiate into Plasma cells and Memory B
cells. APCs
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