Psychopathology exam 2 with 114
correctly answered quizzes.
Psychopathology exam 2 with 114
correctly answered quizzes.
Panic disorder - ANSWER- Panic attack mus have 4 or more symptoms (increase SNS
arousal); atleast one attack has been followed by 1 month of...
1. concern or worry of an attack
2. maladaptive change in behavior due to attacks (avoiding situations)
-highly comorbid with anxiety
how we attain panic disorder - ANSWER- 1. neuroboiologically overreacitve to stress
2. panic attack
3. realize false alarm
4. conditioned through bodily reaction
5. anxious apprehension
6. more false alarms/panic attacks
7. avoidance
Separation anxiety - ANSWER- distress over being separated, worrying something bad
will happen (high recovery rates)
-involves nightmares
-4 wk in children
-6 months in adults
epidemiology of panic disorder - ANSWER- Avg. age: 23, more females, chronic, highly
comorbid with anxiety
Anxiety sensitivity - ANSWER- trait like belief that certain bodily symptoms may have
harmful consequences
Perceived control - ANSWER- having sense of perceived control over enviro reduces
anxiety and blocks panic
Agoraphobia - ANSWER- 2 of the following..
fear/anxiety of using public trans, being in open spaces, enclosed spaces, in a crowd,
leaving home alone
-panic like symptoms over fear of something going wrong and can't get help-- avoidance
occurs
-last for 6 months to be diagnoses
selective mutism - ANSWER- failure to speak in social situations (able to but don't)
-lasts for one month
-does not include autism, schizo and other psycho disorder
, Psychopathology exam 2 with 114
correctly answered quizzes.
OCD - ANSWER- Obession: thoughts, urges that are disturbing AND person attempts
to ignore thought/urges with another thought/action
Compulsion: repetitive behavior performed in response to obsession AND behavior
helps reduce anxiety about obessesion
-negative reinforcement
Treating OCD - ANSWER- exposure and response (CBT)
-reframe to think it doesn't control you- resist compulsion
Hoarding disorder - ANSWER- Difficulty getting rid of possessions, distress over
discarding things, no need/space for items
-some OC thoughts
PTSD - ANSWER- -Stressed based disorder- its own category
exposure to life threatening event/injury-- having memories and dreams about event
that are distressing psychologically and try to avoid thoughts of it
-tend to have a smaller hippocampus (memory loss) but can be reversible
Treatment for PTSD - ANSWER- CBT: tracking and labeling emotions, breathing and
relaxation exercises, exposure thearpy (in-vivo, imaginal, virtual, talking about event)
Meds for PTSD
(should be combined with CBT is best for kids) - ANSWER- -Benzodiazapines:
enhances NT and GABA- GAD and Panic: relaxes muscles etc., works fast
-SSRIs: antidepressants- GAD, anxiety, panic, OCD, PTSD: can increase sucidial
thoughts, can take weeks
-Antipsychotics: reduces dopamine- OCD, PTSD: last resorts
Hormonal HPA axis dysregulation for panic and Depression - ANSWER- negative
feedback loop
1. norepinephrine increases due to stress
2. CRF is released from hypothalamus
3. cortisol is released (more aware of things around you)-- system starts working
overtime
4. hippocampus can be damaged which means mood is off
Depression - ANSWER- 5 symptoms for 2 weeks: depressed mood, loss of interest,
noticeable weight gain/loss, little/lots of sleep, tired, worthlessness, thought of suicide
Depression epsiodes - ANSWER- episodic/chronic: usually 4 every 4-5 months; more
common in women around the age of 18 (rates go down middle age and spike back up
with old age)
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