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Clinical Immunology & Serology-Exam I Question and Answers 100% Solved

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  • Clinical Immunology
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  • Clinical Immunology

Clinical Immunology & Serology-Exam I Question and Answers 100% Solved Antigen - Macromolecules that are capable of eliciting formation of immunoglobulins (antibodies) or sensitized cells in an immunocompetent host. Antibody - Serum factors in the blood formed in response to a foreign substan...

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  • October 9, 2024
  • 16
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Clinical Immunology
  • Clinical Immunology
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Clinical Immunology & Serology-Exam I

Question and Answers 100% Solved


Antigen - ✔✔Macromolecules that are capable of eliciting formation of

immunoglobulins (antibodies) or sensitized cells in an immunocompetent

host.

Antibody - ✔✔Serum factors in the blood formed in response to a foreign

substance exposure. Antibodies are also know as immunoglobulins

Another name for antibody - ✔✔immunoglobulins

Immunity - ✔✔The condition of being resistant to infection

variolation - ✔✔the obsolete process of inoculating a susceptible person

with material taken from a vesicle of a person who has smallpox

Cross immunity - ✔✔-The phenomenon in which exposure to one

infectious agent produces protection against another agent.

passive immunity - ✔✔-Passively recieving antibodies from someone

else.

-Immediate response

-Result short term immunity 3-4 months

,Sources of passive immunity - ✔✔-Natural-Placental transfer

-Acquired-Injection

Active immunity - ✔✔-Exposure to antigen (ag) and make own

antibodies

-Response:Days to weeks

-Results usually life long immunity

Abbreviation for antigen - ✔✔ag

Sources of active immunity - ✔✔-Natural:Exposure to antigen (Ex Hep

A)

-Acquired: Vaccinated against antigen (Ex Hep A)

Types of Immunity - ✔✔-Cellular

-Humoral

Cellular Immunity - ✔✔-Non-antibody mediated response

-Phagocytosis: Ingestion of foreign invaders. Done by T-cells and

macrophages

Humoral Immunity - ✔✔-Antibody mediated response

-Attach of foreign invaders

-Focuses on antibody production: Antibodies, complement proteins,

cytokins, acute phase reactions

, -Leads to phagocytosis

Divisions of the Immune System - ✔✔-Innate

-Aquired

Innate Immune System - ✔✔-Born with

-Nonspecific: same for all pathogens. Undifferentiated

-Attacks first

-Internal and external branches

Acquired Immune System - ✔✔-Highly specific

-Have to see antigen before

-Related to body remembering seeing an antigen before

External Immune Defenses - ✔✔-Keep antigens out

-Skin, pH, natural flora, mucus membranes

Internal Immune Defenses - ✔✔-Cells and soluble factors play important

role

-Recognize molecules that are unique to infections organisms

Acute Phase Reactions - ✔✔-Normal serum proteins that increase

rapidly as a result of infection, injury, or trauma to the tissues.

-Systemic response

-Mediated by interleukins and cytokines

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