At 24-28 weeks gestation, repeat Rh (D) antibody testing for all unsensitized Rh (D)-negative
women, unless biological father is known to be Rh (D)-negative
Maternal sensitization - ANSWER- Fetal blood crosses placental barrier & mother develops
antibodies to the Rh antigen
If sensitized mom: -...
If sensitized mom: - ANSWER- must monitor fetus closely for adverse results :
Hemolytic anemia
Erthroblastosis fetalsis
Hydrops fetalis
Antibodies causing hemolytic disease of newborn... - ANSWER- Kell
Remember ... Kell Kills!!!
Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling (PUBS) - ANSWER- access fetal blood to test for
inherited blood disorders, karyotyping of malformed fetus, detection of fetal infection
GBS test - ANSWER- 35-37 weeks
If + --> intrapartum prophylaxis with PCN
GBS in newborns - ANSWER- may cause:
,Sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia
DEC mortality :(
Non-stress test (NST) - ANSWER- most widely used technique for antepartum evaluation of
fetal well being performed during the third trimester.
Fetal tachycardia - ANSWER- >160 bpm
Early Sx of hypoxemia -- result of maternal fever, infection, fetal anemia, drug response from
mother
Fetal bradycardia - ANSWER- <110 bpm
Later sign of hypoxia ; fetal demise
May also just be sign of OP head
NST - ANSWER- measures response of FHR to fetal movement
Measures uteroplacental function
Normal = reactive /// 15 BPM over 15 sec (15x15)
Abnormal = non-reactive // no accels with fetal movement
Contraction Stress Test (CST) - ANSWER- negative CST test = normal (no late or variable
decels)
Postive CST = abnormal (late decels -at least 50% ctx)
, Biophysical Profile (BPP) - ANSWER- Assessment of five variables in the fetus that help to
evaluate fetal risk: breathing movement, body movement, tone, amniotic fluid volume, and fetal
heart rate reactivity.
Modified BPP - ANSWER- NST + AFI
NST -- acute issues
AFI -- long term issues
Antenatal testing - ANSWER- NST
Fetal breathing
Fetal movement
Fetal tone
AFV
Reactive = 2
Non-reactive = 0
Highest score = 10
Want score of 8+
PAIN in labor - ANSWER- p = purposeful
A = anticipated
I = intermittent
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