ADN 1 Exam 1 All Possible Questions Latest
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_____________ bacteria, although usually easily removed by thorough handwashing,
have the potential to adjust to the environment of the skin when they are present in
large numbers over a long period and become resident bacteria. If pathogenic
organisms become resident bacteria on the skin, the hands then become carriers of the
particular organism. Therefore, to help prevent __________ bacteria from becoming
resident bacteria it is important to clean hands promptly when they are visibly soiled,
after each contact with contaminated materials, and after removing gloves. - CORRECT
ANSWER: Transient, transient
_____________ technique is performed to reduce the number of pathogens. -
CORRECT ANSWER: Clean
______________ precautions are used in the care of all hospitalized patients
regardless of their diagnosis or possible infection status. Apply to blood, all body fluids,
secretions, and excretions except sweat (whether or not blood is present or visible),
non-intact skin, and mucous membranes. New additions are respiratory hygiene/cough
etiquette, safe injection practices, and directions to use a mask when performing high
risk prolonged procedures involving spinal canal punctures. - CORRECT ANSWER:
Standard
________________ technique is used to keep objects and areas free from
microorganisms - CORRECT ANSWER: Sterile
_____________________ based precautions are used in addition to standard
precautions for patient in hospitals with suspected infection with pathogens that can be
transmitted by airborne, droplet, or contact routes. - CORRECT ANSWER: Transmission
,______________________ communities are a form of extended care where community
members meet each other's needs. - CORRECT ANSWER: Aging in place
(Refresh)
What are some Patient outcomes for safety? - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. identify real and
potential unsafe environment situations
2. Implement safety measures in the environment
3. Use available resources for safety information
4. Incorporate accident prevention practices into ADLs
5. Remain free of injury
* Compromised immune system, recent abdominal or chest surgery, presence of urinary
or central IV catheter, prolonged antibiotic use (especially with vancomycin), and
lengthy hospital stay (especially in ICU) are all risk factors for what? - CORRECT
ANSWER: They are all risk factors for vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE)
* During what stage of the inflammatory response are damaged cells repaired by either
regeneration (replacement with identical cells) or the formation of scar tissue? -
CORRECT ANSWER: Cellular Stage
* During what stage of the inflammatory response is swelling, pain, and loss of function
likely to occur? - CORRECT ANSWER: The vascular stage
* What stage of the inflammatory response (vascular stage or cellular stage) is
described by the following: small blood vessels constrict in the area followed by
vasodilation of arterioles and venules that supply the area. This increase is blood flow
results in redness and heat in the area. Histamine also is released, leading to an
increased permeability of the vessels, which allow protein-rich fluid to pour into the area.
- CORRECT ANSWER: Initially, in the vascular stage
* What stage of the inflammatory response (vascular stage or cellular stage) is
described by the following: white blood cells (leukocytes) move quickly into the area.
Neutrophils, the primary phagocytes, engulf the organism and consume cell debris and
foreign material. Exudate composed of fluid, cells, and inflammatory byproducts is
,released from the wound. The exudate may be clear (serous), contain red blood cells
(sanguineous), or contain pus (purulent). The amount of exudate depends on the size
and location of the wound. - CORRECT ANSWER: During the cellular stage
A ____________ is the smallest of microorganisms, and is only visible with an electron
microscope. - CORRECT ANSWER: Virus
A pulse strength of 0+ means ______________. - CORRECT ANSWER: no pulse
A pulse strength of 1+ means ________________. - CORRECT ANSWER: faint/thready
A pulse strength of 2+ means ______________. - CORRECT ANSWER: diminished but
detectable
A pulse strength of 3+ means _________________. - CORRECT ANSWER: normal
A pulse strength of 4+ means __________________. - CORRECT ANSWER: bounding
A report in 1999 from what healthcare agency claimed at least 44,000 and up to 98,000
people die in U.S. hospitals every year from preventable med error? - CORRECT
ANSWER: Institute of Medicine
Bacteria that can live without oxygen are ___________ bacteria. - CORRECT
ANSWER: anaerobic
Bacteria that require oxygen to live and grow are _______________ bacteria. -
CORRECT ANSWER: aerobic
Basophils are usually affected by what? - CORRECT ANSWER: Basophils are usually
affected by infections
, Burn victims can become sick when __________________ living on the skins surface
get inside the body, at this point the bacteria is now harmful. - CORRECT ANSWER:
normal flora
CDC recommendations to prevent _____________ a spore forming, gram positive
bacillus include: prescribing antibiotics cautiously, using contact precautions for patients
confirmed or suspecting of having CDI (this includes a private room, and use of gown
and gloves when entering the room and during patient care), using effective hand
hygiene, have room and non disposable equipment cleaned with bleach or other
appropriate disinfectant, and upon transfer out of the facility notify the new facility about
the infection. - CORRECT ANSWER: Clostridium Difficile Infection (CDI)
Corkscrew shaped bacteria are called _____________. - CORRECT ANSWER:
spirochetes
Describe cardiac muscle. - CORRECT ANSWER: Cardiac cells found only in the heart,
this muscle helps the heartbeat. Involuntary movement. Second slowest movements
(next to smooth muscle). Cardiac Cells can appear branched & have 1 to 2 nuclei. Have
striations.
Describe Phase I of Korotkoff Sounds. - CORRECT ANSWER: Characterized by the
first appearance of faint but clear tapping sounds that gradually increase in intensity; the
first tapping sound is the systolic pressure
Describe Phase II of Korotkoff Sounds. - CORRECT ANSWER: Characterized by
muffled or swishing sounds; these sounds may temporarily disappear, especially in
hypertensive people; the disappearance of the sound during the latter part of phase I
and during phase II is called the auscultatory gap and may cover a range of as much as
40 mm Hg; failing to recognize this gap may cause serious errors of underestimating
systolic pressure or overestimating diastolic pressure
Describe Phase III of Korotkoff Sounds. - CORRECT ANSWER: Characterized by
distinct, loud sounds as the blood flows relatively freely through an increasingly open
artery
