UNH Anthro 411 Exam 1
Anthropology - correct answer ✔What is Anthropology?
•Study of people, humankind, culture
•4 fields
•Area Studies
•Holistic and comparative
•Academic and Applied
- The study of humans - blends both biological and cultural aspects, past
present and future, differences and similarities
What is culture? - correct answer ✔"a system of knowledge, beliefs, patterns
of behavior, artifacts, and institutions that are created, learned, and shared by
a group of people"
- Beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people.
Culture is.. - correct answer ✔Culture is...
•The way of life of a people, the things they do and make, their ideas
•Norms, values, symbols, material objects
•Layered
•Subcultures and universals
•Continuously reworked and created
•Shared
•Transgenerational
•Socially constructed—taught enculturation, permeates our thinking and
behavior
•Tells us what is right, "normal and natural"
,•Enculturation and Socialization
- Continuously reworked and created, not static
E.B. Tylor - correct answer ✔founder of cultural anthropology
- "Culture, or civilization, taken in its broad, ethnographic sense, is that
complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom,
and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of
society." (E.B. Tylor, 1871)
Characteristics of Culture - correct answer ✔1) most important adaptive
mechanism
2)learned, thus non-instinctual
3)Shared and symbolic
4)cumulative, but also constantly changing
5)All encompassing
Enculturation - correct answer ✔The Process of learning norms of a
particular culture
Holism - correct answer ✔The anthropological commitment to consider the
full scope of human life, including culture, biology, history, and language,
across space and time.
Norms - correct answer ✔Appropriate or accepted behavior
Ethnocentrism - correct answer ✔Belief in the superiority of one's nation or
ethnic group. Also the evaluation of other cultures according to
preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of one's own culture
, Cultural Relativism - correct answer ✔The practice of judging a culture by its
own standards
Globalization - correct answer ✔What is globalization?•Circulation of goods
•Exchange of ideas
•Movement of people
•Economic, social, cultural, political interconnections...
•Not new...communities have been changing for decades and generations!
"Our study communities are not living museums frozen in time" (Crawford)
Culture Change - correct answer ✔The natural, ongoing process of cultures
adapting to current life - most cultures resist, some open to it
Culture as a System - correct answer ✔Inventions or change in one culture
can trigger change in others
Globalization - correct answer ✔Circulation of goods, ideas, and people
5 "scapes" of globalization - correct answer ✔enthnoscape - flow of people
ideoscape - flow of ideas
mediascape - flow of entertainment
technoscape - flow of technology
financescape - flow of money
Glocalization - correct answer ✔The adaptation of global ideas into locally
palatable forms
