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Biology 1105 Exam 1 with 100- correct answers(graded A+).
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Biology 1105 Exam 1 with 100- correct answers(graded A+).
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Biology 1105 Exam 1 with 100%correct answers(graded A+)
Biology - answer The science of living systems
Science - answer The systematic study of the natural world
through observation and reading
What does the investigation of living systems involve? - answer
Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics, and Statistics
Why is chemistry so important to biology? - answer Living
organisms are the most complex chemical systems on earth.
What do living systems share? - answer 1. living systems consist of
cells (structure of cell is based on function)
2. living systems store and process information
3. living systems transform energy (photosynthetic organisms--
>non-photosynthetic organisms depend on photosynthetic
organisms)
4. living systems grow and reproduce
5. living systems adapt and evolve (natural selection)
What unifies the field of Biology? - answer The theory of evolution
What is the scientific theory? - answer An organizing framework of
concepts and hypotheses that have consistently been supported by
the scientific method and experimental evidence.
,What are the observable features that create diversity in form and
function? - answer Phenotype
What is phenotype determined by? - answer An organisms genetic
material (its genotype) and environmental influences
How are organisms classified? - answer phenotype or genotype
-Was heavily influenced by phenotypic comparisons, but is switching
over to genotype because genotypic comparisons have become
easier and more accessible recently
It is done within the fields of taxonomy and systematics
taxonomy - answer The classification and naming of organisms
systematics - answer Examines the evolutionary relationships
between organisms
Why is the classification of organisms important? - answer 1. It
facilitates the study of life
2. Facilitates communication between biologists
What are taxonomic ranks? - answer The system used to classify
the organisms:
-each organism is named according to a binomial system- genus
species (italicized)
DKPCOFGS - answer taxonomic ranks
species - answer The most basic taxonomic rank
,genus - answer The next highest taxonomic rank after species--
describes a group of very closely related organisms
By whom and when did the system of taxonomic rank come about? -
answer In the 1700's by Carolus Linnaeus
Each organism is part of an increasingly larger series of ranks. What
are the ranks? - answer Rank: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class,
Order, Family, Genus, Species
Mnemonic: Do keep plates clean or family gets sick
What is the taxonomic rank of humans? - answer Eukaryota,
animalia, chordata, mammalia, primate, hominidae, homo, sapiens
Do all organisms descend from a common ancestor? - answer Yes
In what other ways can phenotypes and genotypes be used? -
answer to identify the evolutionary relationships between
organisms
What does a phenotypic tree do? - answer It helps deduce the
evolutionary relationships by looking at the differences in the amino
acid sequence of the hemoglobin protein
Can also reveal the evolutionary connection between organisms
phenotypic tree - answer vertical lines- branches
root/base- most recent common ancestor
Cell Theory - answer 1. All organisms are composed of cells
2. Cells are the smallest living things
3. Cells arise only from pre-existing cells
, -->All cells today represent a continuous line of descent from the
first living cell
What are the hierarchies that living systems are organized in? -
answer Atom-->molecule-->macromolecule-->organelle-->cell--
>tissue-->organ-->organ system-->organism-->population--
>community-->ecosystem-->biosphere
Each level of the hierarchy exhibits emergent properties
emergent properties - answer -result from the interaction of
components
-cannot be deduced by looking at the parts themselves
-the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
-"life" is an emergent property
unicellular organism - answer An organism in which the cell is the
organism
Atoms - answer the smallest stable components of cells
What are atoms composed of? - answer Protons +
Neutrons 0
Electrons -
Bohr model - answer The idea that electrons are organized into
energy levels and "orbit" around the nucleus
element - answer A substance consisting of one type of atom with
the same number of protons
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