Honors Biology Semester 1 Final Exam-Questions with Correct
Answers/ Verified/ latest Version (2024/2025)
What are the steps of the scientific method? - ✔✔Observation, question, hypothesis,
experiment, analysis, conclusion
What are the 7 characteristics of living things? - ✔✔CHEMGER: cells, homeostatis, energy,
metabolism, growth, evolution, reproduction
What is the difference between a molecule, atom, compound, and element? (give an
example) - ✔✔order in size: atom, element, molecule, compound
O O H2O H2O
atoms make elements
2+ atoms make molecules
2+ elements make compounds
How is an ion different than an atom? (2 reasons) - ✔✔an ion has a net charge and has lost
or gain electrons
How are ionic compounds different than covalent? - ✔✔ionic compounds combine a
positive and negatively charged atom
covalent compounds combine two postively charged atoms
How are ionic bonds different than covalent? - ✔✔ionic bonds steal electrons and covalent
bonds share electrons
On a pH scale, where do acids fall? - ✔✔1-7
On a pH scale, where do bases fall? - ✔✔7-14
On a pH scale, where do nuetral items fall? - ✔✔7
,What is an example of a common acid? - ✔✔lemon juice, vinegar, apple juice
What is an example of a common base? - ✔✔ammonia
What is an example of a common neutral item? - ✔✔water
What is the ratio of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in carbohydrates? - ✔✔C H2 O (1-2-1)
What is the ration of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in lipids? - ✔✔C H(3+) O (1->2-1)
How do amino acid (protein) formulas differ from carbs or lipids or nucleic acids? - ✔✔the
have an NH4
What do nucleic acids have that other organic compounds do not? - ✔✔PO4
What are the four organic compounds? - ✔✔carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic
acids
Which of the following is an organic compounds?
a) Ca3 (PO4 )2
b)H2 O
c)CO2
d) C6 H12 O6 - ✔✔d) C6 H12 O6
What does most nucleic acid look like? - ✔✔double stranded or double helix
What are the two most common nucleic acids? - ✔✔DNA and RNA
, What is a monosaccharide? - ✔✔single sugar
What is a disaccharide? - ✔✔double sugar (ie: glucose and fructose)
What is a polysaccharide? - ✔✔complex carb with three or more sugars
What organic compound are enzymes? - ✔✔protein
What organic compound are starches, sugars, glucose and polysaccharides? -
✔✔carbohydrates
What organic compounds are wax and fats? - ✔✔lipids
What organic compounds are nucleotides? - ✔✔nucleic acids
How do enzymes and substrates fit together? - ✔✔like lock and key
What is activation energy? - ✔✔energy needed to start chemical reactions
How are catalysts related to activation energy? - ✔✔reduce activation energy need
How are enzymes related to activation energy? - ✔✔speed chemical reactions using
activation energy up
What element do ALL organic compound have, natural or synthetic? - ✔✔carbon
What is the most common source of energy for living things? - ✔✔carbohydrates
What did Hooke do to help cell discovery? - ✔✔saw first cells in cork
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