Exam (elaborations)
Sinners Review - Final NR511Questions and Answers 2024
- Course
- Institution
Sinners Review - Final NR511
[Show more]
Content preview
Sinners Review - Final NR511macrocytic anemia - answer increased MCV
-vitamin b12, iron deficiency, pernicious anemia, folate deficiency, liver disease, drugs
Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - answer size of a red blood cell
normal: 76 to 96 fL
Microcytic anemia - answer decreased MCV (hypochromic with decreased MCHC)
-order serum iron, ferritin, and TIBC
what should level to check on kids before starting iron? - answer*LEAD LEVEL*
always check a lead level before starting iron on children because an increased lead
level will cause anemia despite normal iron level.
Ulcerative Colitis - answerFriability, erosions and bleeding
-characterized by bloody/purulent diarrhea
-total colectomy can completely cure but is not the first treatment option
C. Diff - Symptoms - answergenerally profuse, watery, mucoid diarrhea
-mild to mod: watery diarrhea 3 or more times/day for 2 or more days, mild
cramping/abd tenderness
-severe: 10-15 watery stools/day, strong odor, acute abd secondary to megacolon w/
perforation, distention, fever, N/V
inflammatory bowel disease - answerthe mucosal surface of the colon is inflamed, most
often occurs in the rectosigmoid areas but may involve the whole colon
diverticulitis - answermay present with bleeding, not associated with pain
may also present with N/V and LLQ tenderness and anorexia
-Need CT scan to R/O Diff Dx
*High fiber diet is the best management*
C Diff - diagnosis - answerElevated WBCs
-enzyme-linked immunodeficiency assay (ELISA) identifies toxins
-cell cytotoxicity: identifies the effects of bacterial toxins on human cells
-PCR: detects bacterial genes
-Endoscopy: if unresponsive to treatment, can show pseudomembranes that suggest C
Diff
, C Diff -risks - answerinfection of the large intestine which causes profuse, watery
mucoid diarrhea
-healthcare facility, long hospitalization, long term abx, long term meds that disrupt GI,
consuming infected objects
C Diff - treatment - answerMetronidazole, probiotics, maintain fluids, clear liquid diet, eat
starchy foods
avoid: caffeine, spice, foods, milk, grease
Severe cases: colectomy
GERD - answersymptoms: occurs at night, heartburn, dysphagia, regurgitation, painful
swallowing, belching, coughing, hoarseness
-avoid: caffeine, alcohol, chocolate, peppermint, spicy foods
-eat small meals, stop smoking, remain upright after eating
*If patient treated with omeprazole and diet modifications for 6 weeks without
improvement- endoscopy needed*
Peptic Ulcer Disease - answer*Hallmark sign: burning or gnawing sensation or pain in
the epigastrium which is often relieved by goods or antacids*
-Treatment: amoxicillin, clarithromycin, omeprazole for two weeks
Rotavirus - answercommon in children younger than 3
-symptoms: fever, loss of appetite, copious diarrhea, flatulence, vomiting, stomach
cramps
-treatment: fluids, supportive care, antibiotics
Appendicitis - answerconstant periumbilical pain, shifting to RLQ, vomiting follows pain,
small amount of diarrhea, fever, chills, malaise, loss of appetite, N/V
-mild elevated WBC in urine maybe (only super high with gangrene or perforation)
-Treatment: surgery, antibiotics
Obturator Sign - answertesting for appendicitis
patients right hip and knee flexed, examiner slowly rotates right leg internally which
stretches obturator muscle. Pain over RLQ is a positive sign
Gastroenteritis - answercharacterized by irritation and inflammation of the stomach
-s&s: watery diarrhea, N/V, abd pain and cramping, low grade fever, headache,
dehydration
Giardia - answercauses: ingestion of contaminated food or water
-s&s: diarrhea, abd cramps, nausea, bloating, gas and weight loss
-tx: oral meds (metronidazole or tinidazole), hand washing, hydrate
*avoid contaminated food or water*
Samonella - answercauses: consumption of raw or undercooked poultry, eggs, meat
and dairy products
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller julianah420. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $15.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
78834 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now