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NURS 8022 EXAM 3 ACTUAL EXAM 2024 EXAM 150 QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+ $17.99   Add to cart

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NURS 8022 EXAM 3 ACTUAL EXAM 2024 EXAM 150 QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

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NURS 8022 EXAM 3 ACTUAL EXAM 2024 EXAM 150 QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

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  • October 8, 2024
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  • NURS 8022
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NURS 8022 EXAM 3 ACTUAL EXAM 2024 EXAM 150
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+




What happens to the percentage of body water through the lifespan? -
ANSWERNewborns; 75-90%
Childhood; 60-65%
Adults; 60%
Older adults; declines with age

Why do older adults experience a decrease in body percentage of water? - ANSWER-
increased adipose tissue
- decreased muscle mass
- renal decline
- diminished thirst

What is the definition of osmotic force? - ANSWERAmt. of hydrostatic pressure required
to oppose the osmotic movement of water.

What is filtration? - ANSWERmovement of fluid from the capillary into the interstitial
space

What is reabsorption? - ANSWERmovement of fluid from interstitial space into the
capillary

What is capillary hydrostatic pressure? - ANSWER(blood pressure) facilitates the
outward movement of water from the capillary to the interstitial space

What is capillary oncotic pressure? - ANSWERWater pulling

attracts water from the interstitial space back into the capillary osmotically

What is interstitial hydrostatic pressure? - ANSWERWater pushing.

facilitates the inward movement of water from the interstitial space into the capillary

,What is interstitial oncotic pressure? - ANSWERwater pulling

attracts water from the capillary into the interstitial space osmotically.

What is Starlings hypothesis? - ANSWERNet filtration = forces favoring filtration - forces
opposing filtration

What forces favor filtration? - ANSWER1. Capillary hydrostatic pressure (blood
pressure)
2. interstitial oncotic pressure (water pulling)

What forces oppose filtration? - ANSWER1. Plasma (capillary) oncotic pressure (water
pulling)
2. Interstitial hydrostatic pressure

What is the major force of filtration and reabosoprtion? - ANSWERcapillary pressures

What happens at the arteriole end of the capillary in terms of fluid forces? -
ANSWERhydrostatic pressure > interstitial oncotic pressure = water into the insterstitial
space

FILTRATION

What happens at the venous end of a capillary in terms of fluid forces? -
ANSWERcapillary oncotic pressure > interstitial hydrostatic pressure = fluid back into
ciruclation

REABSORPTION

What is the pathophysiology of edema? - ANSWERincreased in forces favoring fluid
filtration from the capillaries or lymphatic channels into the tissues

What is the primary ECF cation? - ANSWERSodium

What is the primary ECF anion? - ANSWERChloride

Describe the relationship btw. Chloride and sodium and bicarbonate - ANSWERCl
follow sodium and varies inversely with bicarb.

What hormone regulates sodium? where is it synthesized? - ANSWERAldosterone.
Synthesized in the adrenal cortex.

When is aldosterone secreted? - ANSWERDecreased renal perfusion, low NA levels,
high K levels.

, What are the effects of aldosterone secretion? - ANSWERActs on the distule tubule of
the kidney to reabsorb sodium and water and excrete K and H+ into urine.

Describe the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system - ANSWERdecreased blood
pressure causes the juxtaglomerular cells of kidney to secrete renin

renin stimulates angiotensin I

angiotensin I converted to angiotensin II by ACE in pulmonary vessels

angiotensin II:
- stimulates aldosterone secretion
- causes vasoconstriction

leads to reabsorption of Na/H20, rise of systemic BP restoring renal perfusion... all
negative feedback that inhibits further release of renin

What produces ANP? Urodilantin? - ANSWERmyocardial atria

urodilantin is similar to ANP and is secreted by kidney cells in response to increased
renal blood flow.

Where is BNP produced? - ANSWERventricles

ANP and BNP are antagonist to what - ANSWERRASS and stop secretion of
aldosterone, renin, and AD and the action of angiotensin II

Thirst perception is regulated by; - ANSWER1. Osmolality receptors (cause thirst ex:
dry mouth, plasma volume depletion)
2. Baroreceptors (stimulated by depleted plasma volume to cause release of ADH)

What does ADH (arginine vasopressin) do? When is is released? - ANSWER- increases
H20 absorption by increasing permeability of renal tubules in collecting ducts of kidneys
- released with increased plasma osmolality, decreased circulating blood vol.,
decreased BP

What is osmolality? normal value? - ANSWERNumber of particles per kg of H20.
Doesn't depend on particle size, just number of particles.

normal = 295

What does high/low osmolality indicate - ANSWERlow (less 295) = fluid overload

high > 295 = dehydration

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