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NR511 Midterm diff diagnosis Questions with Rationale
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NR511 Midterm diff diagnosis
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NR511 Midterm diff diagnosisThe ability of a test to correctly identify those who do not have the disease
# of true negatives divided by total # of people who do not have the disease - answer
specificity
ability of a test to correctly identify pt has disease
true positives divided by # of people who have disease - answer sensitivity
pain, tingling, stabbing, unilateral vesicular rash along dermatome - answer herpes
zoster
how is herpes zoster diagnosed? - answer history and physical, PCR assay
white macules or patches usually on sun exposed areas, premature graying of hair -
answer vitiligo
what labs are done for vitiligo? – answer cbc, peripheral smear (detect pernicious
anemia), thyroids, ANA
mask of pregnancy
hyperpigmentation of face during pregnancy - answercholasma (melasma)
how is cholasma diagnosed? - answerwood's lamp examination
diffuse, generazlied, hyperpigmentation, especially on skin creased d/t increased
adrenocorticotropic hormon - answeraddison's disease
what labs are done to detect addison's disease? - answerNA, K, cortisol, ACTH level,
ca, CBC, TSH, B12, RH factor
what are the characteristics of malignant melanoma? - answerasymmetrical, irregular
borders, color changes, diameter >6mm, evolving, raised
health teaching for those with pruritus - answershort, tepid showers, no baths, no
scratching, cool compresses, emollients
what is "soak and smear" and what does it help with? - answersoak skin for 20 mins
and apply ointment to wet skin to prevent pruritus
What is urticaria?
First line treatment class and drugs?
, Prevention/teaching? - answerhives/wheals
2nd gen nonsedating H1 antihistamines- loratadine, fexofenadine
cool temps, no hot showers, avoid tight clothes
topical treatment for urticaria? - answerpramoxine
1-2mm red papules interdigital web staples, wrists, axillary folds, and periumbilical? -
answerscabies
what does an intraepidermal burrow from scabies look like? - answerwhite with black
specks linear
how is an intraepidermal burrow from scabies diagnosed? - answerburrow ink test-
mark with ink, ink will go into tunnel
how is scabies diagnosed? - answerplace drop of mineral oil, scrape off with blade,
place on slide, look under microscope
treatment and teaching for scabies - answerwash all clothes and bedding in hot water
and detergent
scabicide lotions
antihistamines and topical steroids for pruritus
example of scabicides lotion - answerpermethrin and malathion lotion
red, small, erythematous, macules or papules, pruritus worse at night, mostly scalp -
answerpediculosis (lice)
how is pediculosis diagnosed? - answerwood light exam, magnifying glass
Treatment of pediculosis
first line
second line - answerTopical insecticides are effective such as permethrin, pyrethrins,
and malathion are considered first line
Lindaine and ivermectin are second line
petroleum jelly or other occlusive substances can be used to suffocate lice.
Reapplication in 7-10 days recommended to kill any newly hatched lice.
what is the prevention/education for pediculosis - answeravoid sharing clothes/hats, use
special combs to remove nits, pt and family to be treated, itching will continue after tx
due to inflammation
differential diagnosis for scabies (5) - answerdermatitis
impetigo
insect bites
liver disease
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