ExamI2:IBIOI202/IBIO202I(LatestI2024/I
2025IUpdate)IHumanIAnatomyIandI
PhysiologyIII||I100%ICorrect|IGradeIAI
(VerifiedIAnswers)-IGCU
Q:I"partialIobstructionIofIcoronaryIbloodIflowIcanIcauseIchestIpain,IpainIcausedIbyIischemia
,IoftenIactivityIdependent"?
Answer:
IAnginaIPectoris
Q:I"CompleteIobstructionIcausesIdeathIofIcardiacIcellsIinIaffectedIarea,IpainIorIpressureIinIc
hestIthatIoftenIradiatesIdownIleftIarm"?
Answer:
IMyocardialIInfraction
Q:I"VesselsIthatIhaveIabnormalIbloodIflowIwhichIcausesIoverIdilationIandIswollenIofIvessel
s"?
Answer:
IVaricoseIveins
Q:I"VesselsIthatIhaveInarrowedIbyIfibro-lipidIplaque"?
Answer:
ICoronaryIArteryIOcclusion
Q:I"HeartbeatIoriginatesIwithinIheartIonIitsImuscleIofIitsIown"?
,Answer:
IMyogenic
Q:I"Regular,IspontaneousIdepolarization"?
Answer:
IAu-Itorhythmic
Q:IWhatIisItheIpropertiesIofItheIcardiacIconductionIsystem?
Answer:
IMyogenicIandIautorhythmic
Q:IWhatIisItheIcomponentsIofItheIcardiacIconductionIsystem?
Answer:
ISAInode,IAvInode,IAVIbundle,ILeft/RightIbundleIbranches,IandIPurkinjeIfibers
Q:I"Pacemaker,IinitiatesIheartbeat,IsetsIheartIrate"?
Answer:
ISAInode
Q:I"electricalIgatewayItoIventriclesI(briefIdelayIsoIatriaIcouldIcontractIbeforeIventricles)"?
Answer:
IAVInode
Q:I"PathwayIforIsignalsIfromIAVInode"?
,Answer:
IAVIbundle
(BundleIofIHis)
Q:I"DivisionsIofIAVIbundleIthatIenterIinterventric-IularIseptum"?
Answer:
IRightIandILeftIbundleIbranches
I
Q:I"upwardIfromIapexIspreadIthroughoutIventric-
IularImyocardiumIinIorderItoImaximizeIventricularIejection"?
Answer:
IPurkinjeIfibbers
Q:I"(-
90ImvIrestingIpotential),IVeryIbrief,IstimulusIopensIvoltageIregulatedINaIgatesI(rushIin)Imem
braneIdepolarizesIrapidly,IpeaksIatI+30Imv,INaIgatesIcloseIquickly"?
Answer:
IStepI1:IDepolarizationI(VentricularIMyocyte)
Q:I"Brief,IdueItoIvoltageIgatedIKIchannelsIopeningIbutIthenIclosing"?
Answer:
IStepI1.5:IRepolarizationI(VentricularIMyocyte)
Q:I"200ItoI250Imilliseconds,IsustainsIcontraction,ISlowICaIchannelsIopen,ICaIbindsItoIfastI
CaIchannelsIonISR,IreleasesIincreaseICaIintoIcytosolI(contraction)"?
, Answer:
IStepI2:IPlateauI(VentricularIMyocyte)
Q:I"CaIchannelsIclose,IKIchannelsIopen,Irapid
KIoutfluxIreturnsIcellItoIrestingIpotential"?
Answer:
IStepI3:IRepolarizationI(Ventricular
Myocyte)
Q:I"KIleakIchannelsIallowIKIoutIofItheIcellImoreIslowlyIthanIinIskeletalImuscle,Ispecialized
INaIchannelsIallowINaIin,IgeneratingIaIslowIinwardIflowIofINaIionsIintoItheIcellsIofItheISAI
nodeI(opensImoreIreadilyIwhenItheImembraneIisIhyperpolarizedI(funnyIcurrent))"?
Answer:
IStepI1:IDepolarizationI(PacemakerIcell)
Q:I"IsIbetweenI-40IandI-50Imv,ImuchIlowerIthan
aIneuron,IvoltageIsensitiveIcalciumIchannelsIopenIatIthreshold,IgeneratingIaIslowIdepolarizatio
n"?
Answer:
IStepI2:IThresholdI(PacemakerIcell)
Q:I"TheIcalciumIchannelsIareIrapidlyIinactivated,IsoonIafterItheyIopen,IpotassiumIpermeabili
tyIisIincreased,IandItheIeffluxIofIpotassiumIslowlyIrepolarizesItheIcell"?
Answer:
IStepI3:IRepolarizationI(PacemakerIcell)
Q:I"AIgraphIofIvoltageIversusItime,IofItheIelectricalIactivityIofItheIheartIusingIelectrodesIpl
acedIonItheIskin,ItheyIdetectIthe
