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CMN 571 -- NP Questions from NPC Exam and Practice/Q/A
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CMN 571 -- NP Questions from NPCExam and Practice/Q/A
An example of a primary prevention measure for a 78-year-old man with
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is:
A. reviewing the use of prescribed medications.
B. conducting a home survey to minimize fall risk.
C. checking FEV1 (force expired volume at 1 second) to FVC (forced vital
capacity) ratio.
D. ordering fecal occult blood test (FOBT). - -B -- Primary prevention
measures include activities provided to individuals to prevent the onset or
acquisition of a given disease. The goal of primary prevention measures is to
spare individuals the suffering, burden, and cost associated with the clinical
condition and is the first level of healthcare. An example is health-protecting
education and counseling, such as encouraging the use of car restraints and
bicycle helmets, counseling about safer sexual practices, and *providing
information on accident and fall prevention*. Given its focus on preventing
illness or injury, primary prevention is usually viewed as the most effective
form of healthcare.
- Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention activity in a
76-year-old woman with osteoporosis?
A. bisphosphonate therapy
B. calcium supplementation
C. ensuring adequate illumination in the home
D. use of a back brace - -C
- Secondary prevention measures for a 78-year-old man with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease include:
A. screening for mood disorders.
B. administering influenza vaccine.
C. obtaining a serum theophylline level.
D. advising about appropriate use of car passenger
restraints. - -A
- Tertiary prevention measures for a 69-year-old woman with heart failure
include:
A. administering antipneumococcal vaccine.
B. adjusting therapy to minimize dyspnea.
C. surveying skin for precancerous lesions.
D. reviewing safe handling of food. - -B Tertiary prevention measures are
part of the management of an established disease. The goal is to minimize
disease associated complications and the negative health effects of the
conditions to the patient. Examples include *medications and lifestyle
, modification* to normalize blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes
mellitus and *in conjunction with the treatment of heart failure, aimed at
improving or minimizing disease-related symptoms*.
- Which of the following products provides passive immunity?
A. hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG)
B. measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine
C. pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
D. live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) - -A
- Active immunity is defined as:
A. resistance developed in response to an antigen.
B. immunity conferred by an antibody produced in another host.
C. the resistance of a group to an infectious agent.
D. defense against disease acquired naturally by the infant from the mother.
- -A -- Active immunization through the use of vaccines provides long-term
protection
from disease.
- Which of the following is usually viewed as the most cost-effective form of
healthcare?
A. primary prevention
B. secondary prevention
C. tertiary prevention
D. cancer-reduction measures - -A
- An 18-year-old woman with allergic rhinitis presents for primary care. She
is sexually active with a male partner and is 1 year post-coitarche; during
this time she had had two sex partners. An example of a primary prevention
activity for this patient is:
A. screening for sexually transmitted infection.
B. counseling about safer sexual practices.
C. prescribing therapies for minimizing allergy.
D. obtaining a liquid-based Papanicolaou (Pap) test. - -B
- When a critical portion of a community is immunized against a contagious
disease, most members of the community, even the unimmunized, are
protected against
that disease because there is little opportunity for an outbreak. This is known
as _________ immunity.
A. passive
B. humoral
C. epidemiologic
D. community - -D -- In *herd or community immunity*, a significant portion
of a given population has immunity against an infectious agent; the
likelihood that the susceptible portion of the
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