EXAM 1 Pathophysiology of GI System Questions and Answers
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Course
Gastroenterology
Institution
Gastroenterology
What is the function of the gallbladder? - Answer-stores bile secreted by the liver
90% of absorption occurs in the: - Answer-small intestine
--duodenum
GI accessory glands include: - Answer-salivary glands
liver
pancreas
Chemical digestion of food occurs via the production of: - Answe...
___________________________ usually precedes vomiting. - Answer-nausea,
retching
hypersalivation
tachycardia
What are the possible causes of vomiting? - Answer-severe pain
distention of stomach, duodenum
torsion or trauma of low abdomen
drug activation of medulla chemoreceptor (CTZ)
Which neurotransmitter stimulates the emetic center? - Answer-5HT
Projectile vomiting may be associated with __________________. - Answer-neurologic
lesions
tumors
aneurysms
Vomiting may be described as the opposite of: - Answer-peristalsis
Constipation is defined as infrequent or difficult defecation less than ________ times
per __________. - Answer-less than 3 times per week
What are the possible causes of constipation? - Answer-neurogenic disorders of large
intestine
functional/mechanical conditions
, low-residue diet
sedentary lifestyle
excessive use of antacids
changes in bowel habits
Diarrhea is defined as increased volume, fluidity, and weight of the feces, greater than
___________g each or more than ____________ times per day. - Answer->200g each
>3 times per day
What are the possible causes of diarrhea? - Answer-colon water content
unabsorbed food
unabsorbed material
increased intestinal secretion
What are the different types of diarrhea? - Answer-osmotic: too much water in bowels
secretory: electrolyte absorption is impaired
motility
Visceral Pain - Answer-dull and difficult to describe
referred pain
--from abdominal organs
What is a peptic ulcer? - Answer-sore in the lining of stomach (gastric ulcer) or small
intestine (duodenal ulcer)
What is a mesenteric thrombosis? - Answer-blood clot in the fold of tissue that attaches
the small intestines to the back of the abdominal wall
---may cause abdominal pain
Upper GI bleeding may occur in: - Answer-esophagus
stomach
duodenum
Lower GI bleeding may occur in: - Answer-jejunum
ileum
colon
rectum
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