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LOUISIANA LANDSCAPE HORTICULTURE CONTRACTOR CHAPTERS
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LOUISIANA LANDSCAPE HORTICULTURE CONTRACTOR CHAPTERS
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LOUISIANA LANDSCAPE HORTICULTURECONTRACTOR CHAPTERS
Six legs attached to thorax. Head, thorax, abdomen. One pair of antennae. One or two
pairs of wings. - Answers-List key identifying characteristics of insects
- Answers-What is the fertilizer equation
Head, thorax, abdomen - Answers-What are an insects three body regions?
Chewing (with strong mandibles), sucking (like a butterfly proboscis), piercing-sucking
(like aphids) - Answers-What are the three different types of insect mouthparts?
Metamorphosis is the changes through which an insect passes from the young form into
an adult.
Gradual (simple) metamorphosis is characterized by young which closely resemble the
adult. Egg > nymph > adult. The young pass through phases (instars, "first instar,"
"second instar"). The time interval between two instars in a stadium.
Complete metamorphosis is characterized by four completely different life stages. Egg >
larva > pupa > adult. The larva look nothing like the adult and are usually wormlike. The
pupa phase does not feed and is usually inactive. They often pass the winter in this
phase. - Answers-What does metamorphosis mean? What are the two types of insect
metamorphosis?
The transformation stage between larva and adult of the more advanced insects -
Answers-Define pupa
Non-pathogenic (nutrient deficiencies, bad environmental conditions) and pathogenic
(fungus, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, etc) - Answers-What are the two types of plant
diseases?
Environmental factors cause many non-pathogenic diseases, such as too wet or dry
soil, too high or low temperature, air or chemical pollution. Environmental factors also
aid the development of pathogenic diseases (e.g.a warm winter allows pests to maintain
a large population, fungus grows in moist conditions) - Answers-What are some
environmental factors that contribute to plant diseases?
, (1) A susceptible host
(2) a parasitic organism
(3) environmental conditions favorable to the development of the organism - Answers-
What three factors are required for a pathogenic disease?
YES!! Love me some soil fungus - Answers-Are any fungi beneficial?
(1) Mycelial Fragments -- a piece of a fungus "root" gets moved and a fungus grows out
of it kind of like a rhizome. Asexual.
(2) Spores -- Fertilized single cell or multi-cell microscopic pieces that are usually
transported by wind or water. Sexual.
(3)Sclerotia -- A hardened piece of mycelial ("root") that will germinate when conditions
are correct years later. - Answers-Describe the reproductive process of fungi
(1) Direct penetration -- A spore uses an enzyme or pressure to break through the
plant's protective barrier
(2) Stomata penetration -- Fungi enter through open or closed plant stomates (where
they transpire)
(3) Wound penetration -- Pruning wounds, cuts to the plant, etc - Answers-What are
some ways in which a fungus enters a plant?
Fungi are multi-celled organisms that reproduce sexually and asexually.
Bacteria are one celled organisms. They reproduce by simple cell division (asexual),
and cannot reproduce sexually. - Answers-How do bacteria differ from fungi?
They are (microscopic) eel-like soil borne animals. They either burrow into the roots -
Answers-What are nematodes, and how can they cause plant disease?
A disease where young seedlings die. Especially common in cool and wet environments
- Answers-What is damping-off?
Both terms describe negative characteristics of leaves.
Chlorotic--Yellowing, pale leaves. Usually caused by insufficient nutrients. (Chlorotic =
insufficient chlorophyll)
Necrotic--Dead leaves or tissue - Answers-Explain the difference between the terms
chlorotic and necrotic
Molluscicide - Answers-What product controls garden snails?
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