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VSIM GERONTOLOGY REVIEW TEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS -20
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VSIM GERONTOLOGY REVIEW TEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS -20
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VSIM GERONTOLOGY REVIEW TEST EXAM QUESTIONSAND ANSWERS #20
What is the nurse's initial assessment focus for an older patient being admitted for acute
confusion?
A) Fluid and electrolyte status to rule out dehydration
B) Blood pressure to rule out hypotension
C) Serum blood alcohol to rule out intoxication
D) Hemoglobin and hematocrit to rule out hemorrhage - correct answer a) Fluid and
electrolyte status to rule out dehydration
Explanation:
Older adults are at risk for dehydration because aging can cause a decreased sense of
thirst and an increase in urinary frequency. Confusion is a common sign of dehydration
among older patients. Although hypotension, hemorrhage, and alcohol intoxication may
all result in various degrees of confusion, they are not considered primary causes.
Gerontological Nursing, 8th Edition, p. 218
Which value should the nurse consider abnormal when reviewing a patient's routine
urinalysis report?
A) Urine specific gravity of 1.03
B) Absence of glucose
C) Absence of protein
D) Urine ph of 3.0 - correct answer d) Urine ph of 3.0
Explanation:
The ph of urine should be between 4.6 and 8.0. Urine specific gravity compares the
density of urine to the density of water. Urine specific gravity in an adult should be 1.000
to 1.030, which means that the kidneys are functioning at a normal level. Absence of
both protein and glucose in urine is appropriate.
Gerontological Nursing, 8th Edition, p. 305
Lippincott Procedures, Urine ph
Lippincott Procedures, Urine Specific Gravity
Which of the following should be included in a teaching plan for a patient with an
increased risk for developing a urinary tract infection?
A) Establish a 6- to 8-hour voiding schedule during the daytime.
B) Drink cranberry juice daily.
C) Hydrate with clear liquids only.
D) Reduce fluid intake during daylight hours to 10 to 20 oz. - correct answer b) Drink
cranberry juice daily
Explanation:
, Medical research supports that regularly drinking cranberry juice is a means to reduce
the risk of urinary tract infections. Restricting fluid intake is not advisable, and drinking
only clear liquids is not necessary. The risk for urinary infection increases when the
urine is allowed to stagnate in the bladder, so bladder emptying should occur more
frequently than every 6 to 8 hours.
Gerontological Nursing, 8th Edition, p. 408
Which assessment finding is an age-related change in the urinary tract?
A) Increased urinary tract infections
B) Decreased protein in the urine
C) Decreased amounts of glucose in voided urine
D) Increased frequency of urination - correct answer d) Increased frequency of urination
Explanation:
Age-related changes in the urinary system include hypertrophy and thickening of the
bladder muscle, decreasing its ability to expand and reducing its storage capacity
resulting in an increase in the frequency of urination. Aging typically causes the renal
threshold for glucose to increase. Aging does not typically result in a decreased risk for
urinary infections. There should not be any protein in the urine.
Which nursing intervention should the nurse undertake initially to help the patient
achieve partial restoration of bladder control?
A) Offer the patient frequent toileting cues.
B) Ensure easy access to bathroom.
C) Assess voiding patterns.
D) Provide a bedside commode when appropriate. - correct answer c. Assess voiding
patterns.
Explanation:
The older adult with incontinence may be able to achieve partial restoration of bladder
control though nursing interventions. The initial step should be to conduct a
comprehensive assessment to identify the cause of the incontinence, the potential for
regained bladder control, and the patient's needs. Ensuring that the bathroom is easily
accessible and providing the availability of a bedside commode or bedpan are also
appropriate interventions to consider after completing an initial assessment. Offering the
patient cues to consider toileting, including assistance, may also be appropriate but not
implementable until the assessment is completed.
Gerontological Nursing, 8th Edition, p. 310
An older patient newly diagnosed with hypertension has been prescribed an
antihypertensive medication therapy. The nurse will include which recommendation
when providing the patient with medication education to reduce the risk of falling?
A) Keep fluid intake to at least 1,500 ml/day.
B) Eat a diet high in protein.
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