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Principles and Practice of Radiation Therapy Chapter 1 Exam Questions and Answers
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  • Course
  • Radiation therapy
  • Institution
  • Radiation Therapy

Historical Perspective of Cancer - Answer-No surgical techniques or lab equipment Had to rely on senses to determine presence of disease Many benign conditions were considered cancer, ex. Infections Black Bile - Answer-Belief of excessive "__________" caused cancer 1600 BC, egyptian pap...

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  • October 7, 2024
  • 7
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • principles and practice of radiation therapy chapt
  • historical perspective of cancer answer no surgi

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  • Radiation therapy

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Principles and Practice of Radiation
Therapy Chapter 1 Exam Questions and
Answers
Historical Perspective of Cancer - Answer-No surgical techniques or lab equipment

Had to rely on senses to determine presence of disease

Many benign conditions were considered cancer, ex. Infections

Black Bile - Answer-Belief of excessive "__________" caused cancer

1600 BC, egyptian papyri describe cancers

Thought that the disease is systemic and local treatment will only make it worse

Hippocrates - Answer-Began to classify tumors based on observation

Invention of the microscope enabled tumor classification based on cellular
characteristics

Historically thought cancer to be contagious bringing isolation to patients

Currently: Scientists able to study genetic makeup of cancer cells - Answer-Mutations
are responsible for cancer initiation

Enables earlier diagnosis of high risk individuals

Screening exams

Chemotherapy drugs designed for individual cancer

Abnormal Cellular Proliferation - Answer-Cells undergoing mitosis produce daughter
cells without a mature cell

Normally nondividing mature cells begin to proliferation

Cellular differentiation is abnormal

Genes - Answer-Cancer is a disease of the __________

Somatic cells - Answer-Non-reproductive cells

, Mutations - Answer-Cells that promote growth-force proliferation of cells

Cells that inhibit growth-allow unrestrained cellular growth

May require both types of mutations to develop malignancy

Proto-oncogenes - Answer-Normal genes-control normal growth and differentiation

Oncogenes - Answer-Cancer genes

Change occurs through point mutations, translocations and gene amplification

Anti-oncogenes - Answer-Orders cells to stop multiplying

Tumor suppressor genes, inactivation can allow malignancy to flourish

Carcinogens
Viruses
Sunlight
Radiation
Cigarette smoke (chemicals) - Answer-Mutation Occurs Due To...

5 Phases - Answer-Amount of phases in cell cycle

G0, G1, S, G2, M - Answer-Order of Cell Cycle

Mitosis (M) - Answer-Cellular division

G0

Cell Cycle - Answer-Fully functioning cell not preparing for replication

Most cells in this phase

G1

Cell Cycle - Answer-Rapid growth and active metabolism

Synthesis of RNA and proteins

Replication of DNA

Synthesis (S)

Cell Cycle - Answer-DNA replicated to ensure daugher cells have identical genetic
material

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