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PN 140 Final Exam NCLEX Practice Questions with Correct Answers

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PN 140 Final Exam NCLEX Practice Questions with Correct Answers A nurse is caring for a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The client begins to cry and tells the nurse that she is afraid that her skin will be disfigured with lesions. Which intervention does the nurse plan to teach ...

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  • October 7, 2024
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FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024




PN 140 Final Exam NCLEX Practice
Questions with Correct Answers

A nurse is caring for a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The client begins to cry and tells

the nurse that she is afraid that her skin will be disfigured with lesions. Which intervention does the

nurse plan to teach this client to minimize skin infections associated with SLE?


Select all that apply.




A) Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or greater.


B) Remain indoors on sunny days.


C) Avoid swimming in a pool or the ocean.


D) Avoid sun exposure between 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m.


E) Decrease sun exposure between 3:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m. - Answer✔✔-Answer: A, D




The nurse teaches the client to live a normal life with a few extra precautions. There is a relationship

between sun exposure and infection, so the client is taught to use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15

and to avoid the sun between 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. The client may swim but should reapply

sunscreen after swimming. The client does not need to stay indoors on sunny days or to decrease sun

exposure between 3:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m.


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,EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YAER ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024


A patient on a medical unit has a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. What is the priority action that the nurse

should take?




a. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor.


b. Check the patient's BP.


c. Instruct the patient to avoid high-potassium foods.


d. Call the lab and request a redraw of the lab to verify results. - Answer✔✔-a. Dysrhythmias may occur

with an elevated potassium level and are potentially lethal. Monitor the rhythm while contacting

physician or calling the rapid response team.


A patient is admitted to the hospital with CKD. You understand that this condition is characterized by




A. Progressive irreversible destruction of the kidneys


B. A rapid decrease in urinary output with an elevated BUN level


C. Increasing creatinine clearance with a decrease in urinary output


D. Prostration, somnolence, and confusion with coma and imminent death - Answer✔✔-A. Progressive

irreversible destruction of the kidneys




CKD involves progressive, irreversible loss of kidney function.


Measures indicated in the conservative therapy of CKD include

Page 2/238

,EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YAER ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024




A. decreased fluid intake, carbohydrate intake, and protein intake.


B. increased fluid intake; decreased carbohydrate intake and protein intake.


C. decreased fluid intake and protein intake; increased carbohydrate intake.


D. decreased fluid intake and carbohydrate intake; increased protein intake. - Answer✔✔-C. decreased

fluid intake and protein intake; increased carbohydrate intake.




Water and any other fluids are not routinely restricted in the pre-end-stage renal disease (ESRD) stages.

Patients on hemodialysis have a more restricted diet than patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. For

those receiving hemodialysis, as their urinary output diminishes, fluid restrictions are enhanced. Intake

depends on the daily urine output. Generally, 600 mL (from insensible loss) plus an amount equal to the

previous day's urine output is allowed for a patient receiving hemodialysis. Patients are advised to limit

fluid intake so that weight gains are no more than 1 to 3 kg between dialyses (interdialytic weight gain).

For the patient who is undergoing dialysis, protein is not routinely restricted. The beneficial role of

protein restriction in CKD stages 1 through 4 as a means to reduce the decline in kidney function is being

studied. Historically, dietary counseling often encouraged restriction of protein for CKD patients.

Although there is some evidence that protein restriction has benefits, many patients find these diets

difficult to adhere to. For CKD stages 1 through 4, many clinicians encourage a diet with normal protein

intake. However, you should teach patients to avoid high-protein diets and supplements because they

may overstress the diseased kidneys.




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, EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YAER ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024


Nurses need to educate patients at risk for CKD. Which individuals are considered to be at increased risk

(select all that apply)?




A. Older African Americans


B. Individuals older than 60 years


C. Those with a history of pancreatitis


D. Those with a history of hypertension


E. Those with a history of type 2 diabetes - Answer✔✔-A. Older African Americans


B. Individuals older than 60 years


D. Those with a history of hypertension


E. Those with a history of type 2 diabetes




Risk factors for CKD include diabetes mellitus, hypertension, age older than 60 years, cardiovascular

disease, family history of CKD, exposure to nephrotoxic drugs, and ethnic minorities (e.g., African

American, Native American).


Which statement regarding continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is of highest priority when

teaching a patient new to this procedure?




A. "It is essential that you maintain aseptic technique to prevent peritonitis."


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