AHN 447 Test 1 Stuff QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS
(DETAILED ANSWERS) ALREADY
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Bell
diaphragm - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>low pitch
high pitch
what causes kyphosis - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>osteoporosis
elderly lung volume and residual volume - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>lung
volume is the same residual volume is increased
FEV1 in elderly - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>FEV1 decreases air gets
trapped in alveoli
What should you suspect if family says mom is acting different? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>pneumonia or UTI
how many mmHG per decade does PaO2 fall? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>4mmHg
age 25 its 90mmHg
elderly may have 70mmHg as a normal
normal ABG values - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>pH: 7.35-7.45
PCO2: 35-45
PO2: 80-100mmHg
,HCO3: 22-26
Preload - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>volume of blood returning to the
heart
Starling's Law - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>elastic recoil of the heart. more
stretch the more it gets worn out.
What do we treat increased preload with (if its volume related) -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>furosemide
when preload is too low what do we treat with (if volume related) -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>isotonic fluids
Afterload - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>The force or resistance against
which the heart pumps.
Expiration in COPD - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>this is active in COPD
patients. normally this is a passive proceess
can a patient with a larygnectomy cough well? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>No, they don't have a glottis anymore so it cant close and force
air out like it used to.
What do we do right after we put the ET tube down? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>bag them and then listen to BS
CXR too
Lung anatomy - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>
what do we give for bronchoconstriction - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>aminophyline IV
what happens to the bronchioles with a lack of sympathetic stimulation -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>you may hear them wheeze
, flail chest - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>fracture of two or more adjacent
ribs in two or more places that allows for free movement of the fractured
segment
pneumothorax - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>air in the pleural cavity caused
by a puncture of the lung or chest wall
spontaneous pneumothorax - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>A pneumothorax
that occurs when a weak area on the lung ruptures in the absence of major
injury, allowing air to leak into the pleural space.
what causes surfactant production? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>alveolar
stretch
Chemoreceptors that sense O2 and CO2 - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>central- medula
peripheral- corotid body and aortic arch
what causes COPD patients to breath - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>O2
when do we start to think about taking patient off ventilator -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>90%
normal end tidal CO2 - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>30-35mmHg
helpful during procedures requiring sedation
shows as a waveform
what percentage do we try to get FIO2 down to by 24 hours -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>50%
Low flow O2 delivery systems - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>NC: 14% (at
1L)-44% at 6L
Simple Face Mask: 40-60% (min 5L)
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